The Soviet Union covertly operated the world's largest, longest, and most sophisticated biological weapons program, thereby violating its obligations as...

1972 Biological Weapons Convention and the 1993 Chemical Weapons Convention. The Soviet biological weapons program violated the Biological Weapons Convention...

inherited offensive biological weapons program. The agreement's objective was to uncover details about the Soviet's biological weapons program and to verify...

built up a large stockpile of biological agents and weapons. Over the course of its 27-year history, the program weaponized and stockpiled seven bio-agents...

The Chinese biological weapons program is a biological weapons program reported to have been active in the 1980s, and suspected by some governments and...

Handelman. Biohazard: The Chilling True Story of the Largest Covert Biological Weapons Program in the World - Told from Inside by the Man Who Ran it. 1999. Delta...

split between Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan. In 1954, the Soviet Union constructed a biological weapons test site called Aralsk-7 there and on the neighbouring...

humans, animals or plants as an act of war. Biological weapons (often termed "bio-weapons", "biological threat agents", or "bio-agents") are living organisms...

nuclear program, Kazakhstan was also a prominent site of Soviet programs of biological (only Biopreparat outside of Russia) and chemical weapons. The former...

extensive biological weapons (BW) program in Iraq in the early 1980s, despite having signed (but not ratified until 1991) the Biological Weapons Convention...

biological weapons for combat use. The Soviet Union covertly operated the world's largest, longest, and most sophisticated biological weapons program...

facility. At least in Soviet times the facility was a nexus for biological warfare research (see Soviet biological weapons program), though the nature of...

Biological weapons are pathogens used as weapons. In addition to these living or replicating pathogens, toxins and biotoxins are also included among the...

explanation of the program was "to secure and dismantle weapons of mass destruction in states of the former Soviet Union and beyond". The CTR program funds have...

(2012). The Soviet Biological Weapons Program: A History. Harvard University Press. Leitenberg, M. (2012). North Korean Genocide, Nuclear Weapons, and Food...

not ratify it. China acceded to the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) in 1984 and ratified the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) in 1997. The number...

world that the Soviet Union had embarked upon an offensive programme aimed at the development and large-scale production of biological weapons. Sverdlovsk...

and Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus. (By 1960, the Soviet biological weapons program also included numerous other research and operational facilities...

500 and housed scientists and employees of the Soviet Union's top-secret Aralsk-7 biological weapons research and test site. Brian Hayes, a biochemical...

into weapons of mass destruction, including nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons under the apartheid government. South Africa’s nuclear weapons doctrine...

accounting of the former Soviet biological weapons program. During a CIA debriefing, Alibek described the Soviet efforts to weaponize a particularly virulent...

Poland is not known or believed to possess weapons of mass destruction. During the Cold War, Soviet nuclear warheads were stockpiled in Poland and designated...

always expecting the KGB (or the later FSB) to deal with him. Soviet biological weapons program List of Eastern Bloc defectors Preston, Richard (9 March 1998)...

"Nuclear Weapons States" under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, but is not known to possess or develop any chemical or biological weapons...

The Institute of Applied Biochemistry is a research laboratory and bioweapons production facility located in Omutninsk, Kirov Oblast. For a time in the...

developing novel biological weapons Article from James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies report: "FORMER SOVIET BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS FACILITIES IN...

producing such weapons has increased. The Soviet Union continued research and production of offensive biological weapons in a program called Biopreparat...

Milton; Zilinskas, Raymond A.; Kuhn, Jens H. (2012). The Soviet Biological Weapons Program: a History (Kindle ed.). Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard...

were the Soviet hearings of twelve Japanese Kwantung Army officers and medical staff charged with the manufacture and use of biological weapons, and human...

biological weapon. As a biological weapon, anthrax has been used in biowarfare and bioterrorism since 1914. However, in 1975 the Biological Weapons Convention...