In evolutionary biology, a spandrel is a phenotypic trait that is a byproduct of the evolution of some other characteristic, rather than a direct product...

A spandrel is a roughly triangular space, usually found in pairs, between the top of an arch and a rectangular frame, between the tops of two adjacent...

Gould introduced the term "spandrel" into evolutionary theory. From 1973 to 1998, he held an endowed chair in zoology and biology at Harvard University, and...

term "spandrel" in a biological context; the term "spandrel" has since gained currency in biology to refer to byproducts of adaptation. "Spandrels" was...

still has some scientific support. Atavistic regression Exaptation Spandrel (biology) Torna atrás Uthman, Ed (2014). "Tubal pregnancy with embryo". WikiJournal...

byproduct of mental evolution. Atavism Ecological fitting Repurposing Spandrel (biology) Vestigiality See Jacob (1977) and Mayr (1982) for references. Jacob...

Human vestigiality Maladaptation Plantaris muscle Recessive refuge Spandrel (biology) Vestigial response Steen Hyldgaard Christensen; Bernard Delahousse;...

targets Sloshing bucket model of evolution – Theory in evolutionary biology Spandrel (biology) – Evolutionary byproduct of some other characteristic Speculative...

characteristics may be non-functional spandrels, though these in turn may later be co-opted by evolution to serve new functions. In biology, function has been defined...

self-organised. Stephen J. Gould and Richard Lewontin proposed biological "spandrels", features created as a byproduct of the adaptation of nearby structures...

genetics and evolutionary biology is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in the study of genetics and evolutionary biology, as well as sub-disciplines...

entitled, "The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm", which introduced the architectural term "spandrel" into evolutionary biology. In architecture...

Teleology in biology is the use of the language of goal-directedness in accounts of evolutionary adaptation, which some biologists and philosophers of...

evolutionary developmental biology (eco-evo-devo) is a field of biology combining ecology, developmental biology and evolutionary biology to examine their relationship...

equally explained by different hypotheses (such as exaptationist or co-opted spandrel hypotheses), Gould failed to meet the relevant evidentiary burdens with...

methods of mathematical and theoretical biology. Their discoveries have influenced not just the development of biology but also other fields including agriculture...

Stephen Jay Gould and Richard Lewontin penned a famous critique, "The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm". According to Gould and Lewontin...

In biology, adaptation has three related meanings. Firstly, it is the dynamic evolutionary process of natural selection that fits organisms to their environment...

particular adaptation. They called such incidental structural changes "spandrels" after an architectural feature. Later, Gould and Elisabeth Vrba discussed...

Cardi; Domenico Fulgione (2010). "The blue lizard spandrel and the island syndrome". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (1): 289. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10..289R. doi:10...

one must demonstrate what the trait is a spandrel of, rather than simply just suggesting it could be a spandrel. Berry et al. argue that critics of adaptationist...

London: John Murray. Gould, Stephen Jay; Richard Lewontin (1979). "The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm: A Critique of the Adaptationist...

2009). Skyhooks and Spandrels: What can Evo-Devo tell about the evolution of syntax (PDF). 21st Altenberg Workshop in Theoretical Biology. www.kli.ac.at....

evolution. Barnes notes that "along with other work by Gould, such as 'The Spandrels of San Marco and the Panglossian Paradigm' [the book] is often credited...

is not an adaptive trait influenced by natural selection, but rather a spandrel — a trait that happens to be supported by adaptations originally selected...

it likely evolved as a byproduct of some other adaptation, a so-called spandrel. But Pinker and Bloom argue that the organic nature of language strongly...

Phenotypic plasticity Society of the Friends of Truth Spandrel Mount Lamarck The term "biology" was also introduced independently by Thomas Beddoes (in...

PMID 17503549. Brenner S (September 1998). "Refuge of spandrels". Current Biology. 8 (19): R669. Bibcode:1998CBio....8.R669B. doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(98)70427-0...

clearly and just as easily, whether the clitoral site of orgasm arose as a spandrel or an adaptation". He said that the "male biologists who fretted over [the...

Domenico (20 September 2010). "The blue lizard spandrel and the island syndrome". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 10 (289): 289. Bibcode:2010BMCEE..10..289R....