In atomic physics, hyperfine structure is defined by small shifts in otherwise degenerate electronic energy levels and the resulting splittings in those...

it. Since the Bohr model is not perfectly accurate, due to fine structure, hyperfine splitting, and other such effects, the Rydberg constant R ∞ {\displaystyle...

applying extra terms to account for centrifugal distortion, fine structure, hyperfine structure and Coriolis coupling. Fitting the spectra to the theoretical...

magnetic dipole moment Electron electric dipole moment Fine structure Hyperfine structure "2018 CODATA Value: electron magnetic moment". The NIST Reference...

meaning of the fine structure constant? — Wolfgang Pauli[full citation needed] Dimensionless physical constant Hyperfine structure CODATA 2018, published...

isotropic hyperfine coupling constants, while "B" is usually employed for anisotropic hyperfine coupling constants. In many cases, the isotropic hyperfine splitting...

perturbation theory. However, this equation does not contain the hyperfine structure corrections, which are due to interactions with the nuclear spin...

interactions that are observed: isomeric shift, quadrupole splitting, and hyperfine magnetic splitting. Isomer shift (δ) (also sometimes called chemical shift...

Rydberg constant to extract α. The result is, α−1 = 137.0360101(54). Hyperfine splitting is a splitting in the energy levels of an atom caused by the...

the spin of the proton. This is a quantum state change between the two hyperfine levels of the hydrogen 1 s ground state. The electromagnetic radiation...

entitled Études de structures hyperfines et d'effets isotopiques dans les raies laser infrarouges de gaz rares (Studies of hyperfine structures and of isotopic...

called hyperfine interactions that influence the nucleus' properties. The nucleus therefore becomes very sensitive to small changes in its hyperfine structure...

diamagnetic vs. a paramagnetic environment is called the hyperfine shift. In solution the isotropic hyperfine chemical shift for nickelocene is −255 ppm, which...

It is common to see the Zeeman interaction formulated in other ways. Hyperfine interactions, the internal magnetic fields of local magnetic isotopes...

Caesium-based atomic clocks use the electromagnetic transitions in the hyperfine structure of caesium-133 atoms as a reference point. The first accurate caesium...

atom with a simple two level structure, whereas most atomic species which are laser cooled have complicated hyperfine structure. Mechanisms such as Sisyphus...

of the linewidth of a transition and undesirable effects such as hyperfine structure trapping and radiation trapping. Therefore the orientation of the...

elements (e.g. cobalt and manganese) via spectrography because of their hyperfine structures. The first largely complete set of oscillator strengths of singly...

example, the fine-structure corrections are ignored. In the magnetic dipole approximation, the Hamiltonian which includes both the hyperfine and Zeeman interactions...

Orientation Group at Oxford. K. S. Krane, Nuclear orientation and nuclear structure. Hyperfine Interactions, Volume 43, Numbers 1–4, pages 3–14, December, 1988...

as USB 3.1. 108.7827757 picoseconds – transition time between the two hyperfine levels of the ground state of the caesium-133 atom at absolute zero 330...

aqueous medium: Activation energies of formation of the products and hyperfine structure of magnetite" Corrosion Science, volume 32, issue 9, pages 985–1001...

frequency of the radiation associated with a transition between hyperfine structure energy states of an atom Turnover frequency in enzymology This disambiguation...

complicated by spin and quantum vacuum effects to produce fine structure and hyperfine structure. Nevertheless, the Bohr radius formula remains central in...

the second is defined in terms of ∆νCs, the unperturbed ground state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium-133 atom. The SI unit of charge, the...

Pauli exclusion principle, the Aufbau principle, and Hund's rule. Fine structure arises from relativistic kinetic energy corrections, spin–orbit coupling...

nucleus is a slighter correction to the energy levels known as the hyperfine structure. This section presents a relatively simple and quantitative description...

calculations by Kramers for the Stark effect). The existence of fine structure and hyperfine structure in spectral lines, which are known to be due to a variety...

cell parameters, and magnetism in synthetic hematite-like materials". Hyperfine Interactions. 117 (1–4): 271–319. Bibcode:1998HyInt.117..271D. doi:10...

emissions from neutral galactic hydrogen (the famous 21 cm line due to hyperfine splitting), affording the first views of the spiral arms of the Milky...