releasing the next lower trophic level from predation (or herbivory if the intermediate trophic level is a herbivore). The trophic cascade is an ecological concept...

themselves. The trophic level of an organism is the number of steps it is from the start of the chain. A food web starts at trophic level 1 with primary...

Ecological cascade, a series of secondary extinctions triggered by the primary extinction of a key species in an ecosystem Trophic cascade, an interaction...

describes the phenomenon of trophic cascade in specific terrestrial communities. A mesopredator is a medium-sized, middle trophic level predator, which both...

introduction of a species to cause a trophic cascade, which is the result of indirect effects between nonadjacent trophic levels in a food chain or food web...

direct and indirect relations is called trophic cascades. Trophic cascades are separated into species-level cascades, where only a subset of the food-web...

and specialist species Greenpeace IUCN Mutualism Overexploitation Trophic cascade World Wide Fund for Nature Olsen, T.M. D.M. Lodge, G.M. Capelli, and...

further down the chain, resulting in a cascade down the trophic levels. However, empirical evidence shows trophic cascades are much more prevalent in terrestrial...

bioproductivity at each trophic level in an ecosystem. A pyramid of energy shows how much energy is retained in the form of new biomass from each trophic level, while...

refer to: Trophic cascade Trophic coherence Trophic egg Trophic function Trophic hormone Trophic level index Trophic level Trophic mutualism Trophic pyramid...

restoration projects upwards of $750 million annually. Another example of a trophic cascade involved plant-herbivore interactions are coral reef ecosystems. Herbivorous...

diversity or biomass of lower trophic levels depends on effects from consumers at higher trophic levels. A trophic cascade is a type of top-down interaction...

trophic level. In order to more efficiently show the quantity of organisms at each trophic level, these food chains are then organized into trophic pyramids...

top trophic levels, effects may also be felt at all lower trophic levels in a phenomenon known as a trophic cascade. An example of a trophic cascade that...

Ecosystems and Society. He is best known for his research on terrestrial trophic cascades, particularly the role of the gray wolf (Canis lupus) in North America...

Apex predators are usually defined in terms of trophic dynamics, meaning that they occupy the highest trophic levels. Food chains are often far shorter on...

homogeneous trophic levels is fiction.": 815  Nonetheless, recent studies have shown that real trophic levels do exist, but "above the herbivore trophic level...

that rays destroy oyster beds meant for the shellfish industry. The trophic cascade in the northwest Atlantic Ocean has been cited and used to link cownose...

cessation of fishing. This absence of the apex predator has led to a trophic cascade in many areas. Many other cod stocks remain at risk. The Atlantic cod...

urchins, and kelp, where otter presence increased kelp presence in a trophic cascade. John Terborgh examined Venezuelan valleys with and without predators...

primary production in the ecosystem. This type of shift is called a trophic cascade. Such theories have emphasized the "top-down" pressures by predators...

focused on trophic interactions (the relationships between organisms and their food webs), particularly the understanding and top-down trophic processes...

Meanwhile, Ramsey is revealed to be a werewolf and the one that killed Malcolm's crew. 8 "Trophic Cascade" Jeff Davis Jeff Davis March 16, 2023 (2023-03-16)...

she earned her MFA. She is the author of four poetry collections – Trophic Cascade (Wesleyan University Press, 2016), Smith Blue (Southern Illinois University...

they are said to have a trophic level of 1 (from the Greek trophē meaning food). Phytoplankton are then consumed at the next trophic level in the food chain...

plentiful. The essay provides a non-technical characterization of the trophic cascade where the removal of single species carries serious implications for...

Hunters, Pelt Traders, and Runaway Consumption of Gulf Coast Marshes: A Trophic Cascade Perspective on Coastal Wetland Losses". In Silliman, Brian R.; Grosholz...

ecosystem less stable. This would raise secondary production and have a trophic cascade effect across the food chain, ultimately increasing overall ecosystem...

to be at the higher trophic levels, often being the apex predator. Removal of the keystone species causes top-down trophic cascades. Wolves are keystone...

release effect, which refers to the release of mesopredators from the trophic cascade. These mesopredator outbreaks can lead to declining prey populations...