the valley of stability (also called the belt of stability, nuclear valley, energy valley, or beta stability valley) is a characterization of the stability...

island of stability is a predicted set of isotopes of superheavy elements that may have considerably longer half-lives than known isotopes of these elements...

(nuclides) of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or number of protons)...

binding energy. The binding energies of all existing nuclides form what is called the nuclear band or valley of stability. For either electron or positron...

of Nuclides – IAEA with isotope data. Annotated bibliography for isotopes from the Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues The Valley of Stability (video)...

as the valley of stability. Stable nuclides lie along the bottom of this energy valley, while increasingly unstable nuclides lie up the valley walls,...

positive electric charge of +1 e (elementary charge). Its mass is slightly less than the mass of a neutron and 1,836 times the mass of an electron (the proton-to-electron...

protons it contains. Alpha decay occurs in such nuclei as a means of increasing stability by reducing size. One curiosity is why alpha particles, helium...

Radionuclide Stable isotope ratio Table of nuclides Valley of stability "DOE explains ... Isotopes". Department of Energy, United States. Archived from the original...

information on abundance of stable nuclides) List of elements by stability of isotopes List of nuclides (sorted by half-life) Table of nuclides Alpha nuclide...

of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus. It is approximately equal to the atomic (also known as isotopic) mass of the...

use in 1965. This line lies along the bottom of the nuclear valley of stability. The line of beta stability can be defined mathematically by finding the...

γ ), is a penetrating form of electromagnetic radiation arising from the radioactive decay of atomic nuclei. It consists of the shortest wavelength electromagnetic...

Positron emission, beta plus decay, or β+ decay is a subtype of radioactive decay called beta decay, in which a proton inside a radionuclide nucleus is...

transformation of at least one nuclide to another. If a nucleus interacts with another nucleus or particle and they then separate without changing the nature of any...

isotones. Similarly, 36S, 37Cl, 38Ar, 39K, and 40Ca nuclei are all isotones of 20 because they all contain 20 neutrons. Despite its similarity to the Greek...

fission is a dominant decay mode for superheavy elements, with nuclear stability generally falling as nuclear mass increases. It thus forms a practical...

D. N. (2008). "Search for long lived heaviest nuclei beyond the valley of stability". Physical Review C. 77 (4): 044603. arXiv:0802.3837. Bibcode:2008PhRvC...

binding energy per nucleon. Fusion of nuclei lighter than these releases energy (an exothermic process), while the fusion of heavier nuclei results in energy...

list of elements by stability of isotopes. For a complete list noting which of the "stable" 251 nuclides may be in some respect unstable, see list of nuclides...

show some evidence of stability. Observations of beta-stability of light nuclei outside closed shells indicate that nuclear stability is much more complex...

containing unstable nuclei is considered radioactive. Three of the most common types of decay are alpha, beta, and gamma decay. The weak force is the...

D. N. (2008). "Search for long lived heaviest nuclei beyond the valley of stability". Phys. Rev. C. 77 (4). 044603. arXiv:0802.3837. Bibcode:2008PhRvC...

P. K. Kuroda (1956). "On the Nuclear Physical Stability of the Uranium Minerals" (PDF). The Journal of Chemical Physics. 25 (4): 781. Bibcode:1956JChPh...

9 and 19 inclusive (though in those cases N = Z + 1 always allows for stability). Hydrogen-1 (N/Z ratio = 0) and helium-3 (N/Z ratio = 0.5) are the only...

arrives to be captured. This sequence can continue up to the limit of stability of the increasingly neutron-rich nuclei (the neutron drip line) to physically...

from nucleons. It is the sum of multiple separation energies, which should add to the same total regardless of the order of assembly or disassembly. Electron...

stable): U 238 ⟶ Th 234 ⏟ daughter   of   238 U ⟶ Pa 234 m ⏟ granddaughter   of   238 U ⟶ ⋯ ⟶ Pb 206 ⏞ decay   products   of   238 U {\displaystyle {\ce...

fields created when the protons of the nucleus re-arrange in a different way. In nuclei that are far from stability in energy, even more decay modes...

where an excited nucleus interacts electromagnetically with one of the orbital electrons of an atom. This causes the electron to be emitted (ejected) from...