The (oceanic) water column is a concept used in oceanography to describe the physical (temperature, salinity, light penetration) and chemical (pH, dissolved...

organs. The largest possible design of a water engine is the directly acting water-column engine or water column machine (German: Wassersäulenmaschine)...

Oscillating water columns (OWCs) are a type of wave energy converter that harness energy from the oscillation of the seawater inside a chamber or hollow...

Inches of water is a non-SI unit for pressure. It is also given as inches of water gauge (iwg or in.w.g.), inches water column (inch wc, in. WC, " wc,...

The pelagic zone consists of the water column of the open ocean and can be further divided into regions by depth. The word pelagic is derived from Ancient...

head of water. A centimetre of water is a unit of pressure. It may be defined as the pressure exerted by a column of water of 1 cm in height at 4 °C (temperature...

chemical, and biological processes that supply nutrients into the upper water column. The photic zone is home to the majority of aquatic life due to the activity...

which play an important role in remineralising organic material down the water column (note that prokaryotic phytoplankton are also bacterioplankton). Virioplankton...

Studying eDNA in the water column can indicate the community composition of a body of water. Before eDNA, the main ways to study open water diversity was to...

level than the peak of Mount Everest. At the bottom of the trench, the water column above exerts a pressure of 1,086 bar (15,750 psi), more than 1,071 times...

seawater and freshwater provides high levels of nutrients both in the water column and in sediment, making estuaries among the most productive natural habitats...

inertance or rigid column theory: F=ma=PA=ρLAdvdt.{\displaystyle F=ma=PA=\rho LA{dv \over dt}.} Assuming constant deceleration of the water column (dv/dt = v/t)...

house in Royan, France. It appears that this was the first oscillating water-column type of wave-energy device. From 1855 to 1973 there were 340 patents...

throughout the water column and also at high altitudes as well as near sediments on the bottom. It usually extends throughout 20-50% of the water column, but depends...

garouaensis)) are restricted to fresh water. Most myliobatoids are demersal (inhabiting the next-to-lowest zone in the water column), but some, such as the pelagic...

such as squid. Cookiecutter sharks have adaptations for hovering in the water column, and likely rely on stealth and subterfuge to capture more active prey...

abyssal depths. Many organisms adapted to deep-water pressure cannot survive in the upper parts of the water column. The pressure difference can be very significant...

The apparent intensity of the color increases with the depth of the water column, following Beer's law. This also applies, for example, with a swimming...

surface of the water. Some still-water plants can alter their position in the water column at different seasons. One notable example is Water soldier which...

column provides numerous gradients, depending on additive nutrients, from which the variety of aforementioned organisms can grow. The aerobic water phase...

conditions. The pelagic zone is the open ocean's water column from the surface to the ocean floor. The water column is further divided into zones based on depth...

than public water towers. As building height increases, the vertical height of its plumbing also increases. This produces a large water column and the weight...

part of the sea or ocean (or deep lake) consisting of the part of the water column near to (and significantly affected by) the seabed and the benthos. The...

sometimes called marine snow, sinks in the water column or is transported within downward convected water masses such as the Thermohaline Circulation...

Precipitable water is the depth of water in a column of the atmosphere, if all the water in that column were precipitated as rain. As a depth, the precipitable...

the water column due to buoyancy, forming a hydrothermal plume; therefore, the phase during which hydrothermal plumes rise through the water column is...

the surface, it may also be scattered by particles suspended in the water column. This scattering decreases the total amount of light as depth increases...

emptied water out of these shell chambers. This enabled it to control the buoyancy of the shell and thereby rise or descend in the water column. A primary...

shower of mostly organic detritus falling from the upper layers of the water column. It is a significant means of exporting energy from the light-rich photic...

supported. Many organisms adapted to deep-water pressure cannot survive in the upper parts of the water column: the pressure difference can be very significant...