• Thumbnail for X-ray crystallography
    X-ray crystallography is the experimental science of determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline structure causes...
    103 KB (11,085 words) - 08:40, 7 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for X-ray diffraction
    directions of the X-rays far from the sample is called a diffraction pattern. It is different from X-ray crystallography which exploits X-ray diffraction to...
    32 KB (4,200 words) - 19:29, 18 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Crystallography
    developed into the two main branches of crystallography, X-ray crystallography and electron crystallography. The quality and throughput of solving crystal...
    18 KB (1,924 words) - 07:14, 20 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for X-ray scattering techniques
    so that the resulting pattern contains sharp spots analyzed by X-ray crystallography (as in the Figure). However, both scattering and diffraction are...
    5 KB (427 words) - 08:13, 1 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for X-ray tube
    An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays. The availability of this controllable source of X-rays created the field...
    20 KB (2,631 words) - 18:51, 1 May 2024
  • X-ray excited-state crystallography. 1995 - Douglas L. Dorset published Structural Electron Crystallography, a major text on electron crystallography...
    130 KB (13,668 words) - 08:05, 22 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for X-ray
    to X-rays for imaging applications. Other notable uses of X-rays include: X-ray crystallography in which the pattern produced by the diffraction of X-rays...
    105 KB (12,434 words) - 20:18, 8 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for X-ray machine
    An X-ray machine is a device that uses X-rays for a variety of applications including medicine, X-ray fluorescence, electronic assembly inspection, and...
    14 KB (1,765 words) - 06:29, 8 May 2024
  • Elements of X-Ray Diffraction, 3rd Ed., Prentice-Hall Inc., 2001, p 167-171, ISBN 0-201-61091-4. CFL imaging diagnostic X-ray crystallography X-rays Bragg diffraction...
    10 KB (1,440 words) - 21:18, 7 May 2024
  • In X-ray crystallography, wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) or wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) is the analysis of Bragg peaks scattered to wide angles...
    4 KB (497 words) - 18:28, 13 March 2023
  • microscopy, without the addition of the term electron crystallography. It can complement X-ray crystallography for studies of very small crystals (<0.1 micrometers)...
    46 KB (4,913 words) - 03:39, 18 May 2024
  • the X-ray beams for research techniques such as X-ray diffraction, X-ray crystallography, X-ray fluorescence, small-angle X-ray scattering, X-ray microscopy...
    21 KB (2,668 words) - 11:51, 2 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Cryogenic electron microscopy
    has attracted wide attention to the approach as an alternative to X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy for macromolecular structure determination without...
    23 KB (2,514 words) - 07:30, 10 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Powder diffraction
    the beam axis and the ring is called the scattering angle and in X-ray crystallography always denoted as 2θ (in scattering of visible light the convention...
    32 KB (4,265 words) - 18:35, 19 February 2024
  • do not contribute to anomalous scattering at normal X-ray wavelengths used for X-ray crystallography. Thus, in order to observe anomalous scattering, a...
    4 KB (571 words) - 12:19, 5 December 2023
  • Usually, the structure originates from methods such as X-ray crystallography, electron crystallography, or cryo-electron microscopy. The resolution is measured...
    12 KB (1,121 words) - 10:41, 1 March 2024
  • Thumbnail for Protein folding
    conformational changes using standard non-crystallographic techniques. X-ray crystallography is one of the more efficient and important methods for attempting...
    75 KB (8,663 words) - 11:40, 10 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Serial femtosecond crystallography
    Serial femtosecond crystallography (SFX) is a form of X-ray crystallography developed for use at X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs). Single pulses at...
    10 KB (1,065 words) - 02:57, 22 January 2023
  • worldwide through the use of experimental methodologies such as X-ray crystallography, NMR spectroscopy, and, increasingly, cryo-electron microscopy....
    17 KB (1,665 words) - 16:43, 16 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Hydration number
    anion enters the solvation shell of the cation must be assessed. X-ray crystallography provides definitive information on hydration numbers, especially...
    9 KB (1,071 words) - 01:32, 8 July 2023
  • Thumbnail for Myoglobin
    first protein to have its three-dimensional structure revealed by X-ray crystallography. This achievement was reported in 1958 by John Kendrew and associates...
    25 KB (3,082 words) - 00:18, 24 April 2024
  • by X-ray crystallography. The unit cell volume (Vcell) may be calculated from the unit cell parameters, whose determination is the first step in an X-ray...
    6 KB (855 words) - 19:11, 24 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Dorothy Hodgkin
    Dorothy Hodgkin (category X-ray crystallography)
    Nobel Prize-winning English chemist who advanced the technique of X-ray crystallography to determine the structure of biomolecules, which became essential...
    62 KB (6,210 words) - 11:42, 19 April 2024
  • Thumbnail for Protein
    Nobel Prize for this achievement in 1958. With the development of X-ray crystallography, it became possible to sequence protein structures. The first protein...
    99 KB (11,210 words) - 04:06, 20 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for DNA base flipping
    another base during DNA repair. It was first observed in 1994 using X-ray crystallography in a methyltransferase enzyme catalyzing methylation of a cytosine...
    30 KB (3,431 words) - 02:56, 4 January 2024
  • Thumbnail for Protein tertiary structure
    because the former are easier to study with available technology. X-ray crystallography is the most common tool used to determine protein structure. It...
    15 KB (1,603 words) - 17:26, 23 April 2024
  • the substrate is needed in the X-ray diffraction. Besides, the X-ray crystallography of liquid samples can also be conducted. The first crystalline sponges...
    13 KB (1,432 words) - 02:39, 15 November 2023
  • The main interest in NMR crystallography is in microcrystalline materials which are amenable to this method but not to X-ray, neutron and electron diffraction...
    13 KB (1,471 words) - 16:16, 17 May 2024
  • Thumbnail for Helium cryogenics
    of high-flux X-rays provides a useful tool for developing high-resolution structures of proteins. However, higher energy crystallography incurs radiation...
    9 KB (1,217 words) - 21:15, 26 July 2023
  • Thumbnail for Osmium
    naturally occurring element. When experimentally measured using X-ray crystallography, it has a density of 22.59 g/cm3. Manufacturers use its alloys with...
    48 KB (5,551 words) - 18:11, 16 May 2024