2024 Taiwanese legislative election

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2024 Taiwanese legislative election

← 2020 13 January 2024 (2024-01-13) 2028 →
← outgoing members elected members →
All 113 seats in the Legislative Yuan 57 seats needed for a majority
Turnout	71.28%[a] ( 3.65pp)
Majority party Minority party Third party   Leader Eric Chu Lai Ching-te Ko Wen-je Party Kuomintang DPP TPP Last election 33.36%, 38 seats 33.98%, 61 seats 11.22%, 5 seats Seats won 52 51 8 Seat change 14 10 3 Constituency vote 5,401,933 39.96% 0.75pp 6,095,276 45.09% 0.02pp 403,357 2.98% 1.11pp Party vote 4,764,576 34.58% 1.22pp 4,982,062 36.16% 2.18pp 3,040,615 22.07% 10.85pp
Vote share by constituencies Seat changes
President before election Yu Shyi-kun DPP Elected President Han Kuo-yu Kuomintang

Legislative elections were held in the Republic of China (Taiwan) on 13 January, 2024 for the Legislative Yuan of the Republic of China concurrently with the presidential election.^[1][2] This election was the fifth to use the mixed electoral system after it was introduced to legislative elections.

The results saw the ruling Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) lose its majority in the Legislative Yuan that it had held since 2016, losing 11 seats and retaining 51, while the Kuomintang (KMT) became the largest single party with 52 seats, and the Taiwan People's Party (TPP) won eight seats. The New Power Party lost all its three seats after failing to win a constituency seat or meet the 5% threshold for at-large representation. The election marked the first time under the current electoral system (introduced in 2008) that no party held an absolute majority in the Legislative Yuan,^[3] and the first in which the largest party in the legislature won neither the most constituency votes nor the most party votes. The term of the Legislative Yuan began on 1 February 2024.

Electoral system[edit]

Members were elected by parallel voting. 73 members were elected by first-past-the-post, 6 reserved for indigenous candidates by single non-transferable vote, and 34 by party-list proportional representation.

Contesting parties and candidates[edit]

A total of 315 candidates registered for first-past-the-post seats in the 2024 legislative election.^[4] Sixteen political parties submitted party lists to the Central Election Commission (CEC). A total of 178 nominees were included on party lists.^[5] On 15 December 2023, the CEC announced that six first-past-the post candidates, one candidate running for a reserved indigenous seat, and one party list candidate, were ineligible.^[6] The campaign period officially started on 16 December 2023.^[7]

Results[edit]

The Kuomintang won 52 seats in this election, making it the largest single party in the Legislative Yuan. The DPP, having won 51 seats, declined to the second largest party in the Legislative Yuan. The Taiwan People's Party ranked the third with 8 seats under its control. The DPP lost 11 seats in the election, which also meant the loss of the parliamentary majority that it had held since 2016. The election results also led to the removal of the New Power Party, which previously held three seats, from the Legislative Yuan after it failed to win a constituency seat or meet the 5% threshold needed to win at-large seats. Two independents, namely Chen Chao-ming and Kao Chin Su-mei, who were members of the Kuomintang caucus in the 10th Yuan, were also elected.^[3]

The election was the first in Taiwanese history in which the party that received the most votes did not win the most seats, and also marked the first time since 2004 that no party held an absolute majority in the Legislative Yuan.^[3] This result that TPP therefore has the "kingmaker" position, it's also meant that the TPP’s support was crucial in the selection of the President of the Legislative Yuan and the major policies.^[8]

The election was also the first time that an openly bisexual candidate,^[9] Huang Jie (DPP) of Kaohsiung city's sixth constituency, was elected to the Legislative Yuan.^[10] It was also the first time that an openly transgender person, Abbygail ET Wu of the Green Party (at-large), ran for the chamber, albeit unsuccessfully.^[11]

Party		Party-list			Constituency/Aboriginal			Total seats	+/–
		Votes	%	Seats	Votes	%	Seats
	Democratic Progressive Party	4,982,062	36.16	13	6,095,276	45.09	38	51	–10
	Kuomintang	4,764,576	34.58	13	5,401,933	39.96	39	52	+14
	Taiwan People's Party	3,040,615	22.07	8	403,357	2.98	0	8	+3
	New Power Party	353,670	2.57	0	96,589	0.71	0	0	–3
	Taiwan Obasang Political Equality Party [zh]	128,613	0.93	0	78,138	0.58	0	0	New
	Green Party Taiwan	117,298	0.85	0	15,557	0.12	0	0	0
	Taiwan Statebuilding Party	95,078	0.69	0	32,583	0.24	0	0	–1
	People First Party	69,817	0.51	0				0	0
	MiLinguall Party [zh]	44,852	0.33	0	55,937	0.41	0	0	New
	Taiwan Solidarity Union	43,372	0.31	0				0	0
	New Party	40,429	0.29	0	9,143	0.07	0	0	0
	Judicial Reform Party [zh]	37,755	0.27	0	38,685	0.29	0	0	New
	Institutional Island of Saving the World [zh]	19,691	0.14	0	11,260	0.08	0	0	New
	Unionist Party	18,425	0.13	0	13,203	0.10	0	0	0
	The People Union Party [zh]	11,746	0.09	0	25,216	0.19	0	0	New
	Taiwan Renewal Party [zh]	10,303	0.07	0	33,347	0.25	0	0	0
	Social Democratic Party				74,375	0.55	0	0	New
	Formosa Alliance				15,433	0.11	0	0	0
	Taiwan Mahjong Greatest Party [zh]				7,839	0.06	0	0	New
	Rehabilitation Alliance Party				7,441	0.06	0	0	New
	Labor Party				6,453	0.05	0	0	0
	Justice Party				6,331	0.05	0	0	New
	United China Party				4,139	0.03	0	0	New
	Taiwan Nationalist Party				3,293	0.02	0	0	New
	Taiwan Revolutionary Party				3,072	0.02	0	0	0
	Chinese Culture Republican Party				2,583	0.02	0	0	New
	Family Basic Income				2,361	0.02	0	0	New
	Taiwan Plastic Surgery Federation Labor Party				1,881	0.01	0	0	New
	Chinese Women's Party				1,029	0.01	0	0	0
	People's Democratic Party				836	0.01	0	0	0
	Economic Party				472	0.00	0	0	New
	Patriot Alliance Association				310	0.00	0	0	New
	United Action Alliance [zh]				174	0.00	0	0	0
	Revival of the Chinese Alliance				136	0.00	0	0	New
	Independents				1,069,758	7.91	2	2	–3
Total		13,778,302	100.00	34	13,518,140	100.00	79	113	0
Valid votes		13,778,302	98.10		13,518,140	97.41
Invalid/blank votes		267,306	1.90		359,917	2.59
Total votes		14,045,608	100.00		13,878,057	100.00
Registered voters/turnout		19,566,007	71.79		19,468,969	71.28
Source: Central Election Commission

By constituency[edit]

By National-at-large[edit]

National-at-large legislators are apportioned by largest remainder method. Political parties will gain seats upon reaching the 5% threshold and allocated based on total votes. The quota remains as 2.9412%, each political party will be allocated a seat. The remainder will be allocated based on the largest remainder (Remainder: Democratic Progressive Party 0.7244%; Kuomintang 1.9683%; Taiwan People's Party 0.2496%).

Aftermath[edit]

At the opening of the new Legislative Yuan on 1 February 2024, Han Kuo-yu of the Kuomintang was elected as President of the Legislative Yuan following two rounds of voting in which all eight members of the TPP abstained in the second round. Han obtained the support of the KMT's 52 members in the Legislative Yuan as well as two independents^[12] and defeated the DPP's You Si-kun and the TPP's Huang Shan-shan. The KMT's Johnny Chiang was also elected as deputy speaker, defeating the DPP's Tsai Chi-chang and the TPP's Chang Chi-kai.^[13]

See also[edit]

• 2024 Taiwanese general election

Notes[edit]

References[edit]