Bryan Simonaire

Bryan Simonaire
Minority Leader of the Maryland Senate
In office
October 10, 2020 – January 11, 2023
Preceded byJ. B. Jennings
Succeeded byStephen S. Hershey Jr.
Member of the Maryland Senate
from the 31st district
Assumed office
January 10, 2007
Preceded byPhilip C. Jimeno
Personal details
Born
Bryan Warner Simonaire

(1963-09-06) September 6, 1963 (age 60)
Baltimore, Maryland, U.S.
Political partyRepublican
Children7, including Meagan
EducationBob Jones University (BS)
Loyola University Maryland (MS)
OccupationComputer systems engineer
Signature

Bryan Warner Simonaire (born September 6, 1963) is an American politician who serves as a Maryland state senator representing District 31, which encompasses much of northern Anne Arundel County's Baltimore suburbs. A member of the Republican Party, he served as the minority leader of the Maryland Senate from 2020 to 2023.

Background[edit]

Simonaire was born in Baltimore. He graduated from Bob Jones University in 1985, receiving a Bachelor of Science degree in computer science, and from Loyola College, where he earned a Master of Science degree in engineering in 2005. He is a member of Upsilon Pi Epsilon.[1][2]

After graduating from Bob Jones, Simonaire has worked as a computer systems engineer for Westinghouse Electronic Systems (now Northrop Grumman since its acquisition in 1995). In 2002, he founded Heroes-at-Home, a web-based program that helps the needy.[1][3]

Simonaire became involved in politics in 2005, when he joined the North Count Republican Club's board of directors.[1] He entered the race for state Senate in District 31 later that year, seeking to succeed retiring Democratic state senator Philip C. Jimeno[3] and running on a "common sense, conservative"[4] platform that included opposition to same-sex marriage.[5] The district was targeted by the Maryland Republican Party, which saw the election as an opportunity to make legislative gains.[6] Simonaire won the Republican primary in September 2006,[7] and later won the general election on November 7, 2006, defeating Democratic state delegate Walter J. Shandrowsky by 659 votes, or a margin of 1.72 percent. It was the closest election in the 2006 Maryland Senate elections.[8]

In the legislature[edit]

Simonaire in the Education, Energy, and the Environment Committee, 2023

Simonaire was sworn into the Maryland Senate on January 10, 2007. He was initially a member of the Judicial Proceedings Committee from 2007 to 2010, afterwards serving on the Health and Environmental Affairs Committee until 2022. Since 2023, he has served on the Education, Energy, and the Environment Committee.[1]

Simonaire endorsed Mitt Romney in the 2012 Republican Party presidential primaries and later served a Romney delegate to the 2012 Republican National Convention.[1][9]

In 2014, Simonaire proposed a constitutional amendment to remove legislative leaders' ability to remove voting powers from any member of the Maryland General Assembly. The amendment was introduced after state Delegate Don H. Dwyer Jr. was stripped of his voting powers and committee assignments after being sentenced to 30 weekends in jail for driving under the influence.[10] In 2016, Simonaire introduced the "Dwyer amendment", which would have prevented Senate president Thomas V. Miller Jr. from removing a member's voting powers. The proposed rule change was rejected in a 11-31 vote.[11]

In October 2020, Simonaire was elected as the minority leader of the Maryland Senate, which was seen by the media as the Senate Republican caucus becoming more conservative as to push back on the perceived leftward shift of the Maryland Democratic Party following the election of Bill Ferguson as Senate president.[2][12] In this capacity, Simonaire sought to allow his party to make their own committee assignments[13] and oversaw the party's state Senate campaign in 2022, in which the party lost two seats in the Maryland Senate.[14] Following the 2022 elections, Senate Republicans opted to elect Stephen S. Hershey Jr. as minority leader.[15]

Simonaire endorsed Maryland Secretary of Commerce Kelly M. Schulz in the 2022 Maryland gubernatorial election.[16] After she was defeated by far-right state delegate Dan Cox in the Republican primary, he declined to endorse or campaign with Cox, instead focusing on competitive Senate elections.[14][17]

Personal life[edit]

Simonaire is married and has seven children.[1] He lives in Pasadena, Maryland,[18] and attends nondenominational Christian churches.[19]

Bryan and Meagan Simonaire, 2015

During the 2018 legislative session, Simonaire spoke against a bill to ban conversion therapy on minors, arguing that it would dissuade teens from seeking counseling.[20] His daughter, Meagan, a member of the Maryland House of Delegates, spoke in support of the bill and accused her father of seeking conversion therapy for her after she came out as bisexual in 2015.[21] Simonaire disputed his daughter's story in interviews with the media, saying that he had recommended her Christian counseling after she approached him for advice with her depression and anxiety,[22][23] but added that he disagreed with her "lifestyle".[24]

Political positions[edit]

Crime and justice[edit]

In 2009, Simonaire said he would vote to repeal the death penalty if legislators passed a constitutional amendment to ban same-sex marriage in Maryland.[25] He later voted for an amendment to the death penalty repeal bill to limit the death penalty's use rather than fully repeal it, which passed 25-21.[26] During the 2013 legislative session, Simonaire voted against repealing the death penalty.[27]

During the 2022 legislative session, Simonaire implored legislators to pass a tough-on-crime bill introduced by Governor Larry Hogan.[28] He also expressed willingness to work with Democrats to pass a bipartisan judicial transparency bill.[29]

Education[edit]

Simonaire opposes the Blueprint for Maryland's Future, calling for its repeal during the 2021 legislative session and comparing them to the Bridge of Excellence education reforms in 2002.[30][31] He supports legislation requiring the Maryland State Board of Education to prepare a problem gambling curriculum in schools.[32]

During the 2011 legislative session, Simonaire said he opposed Maryland's Dream Act, a bill that extended in-state tuition for undocumented immigrants.[33]

During the 2022 legislative session, Simonaire introduced a bill that would force the county Board of Education to vote on certain curriculum items if a petition got the signatures of at least three percent of parents.[34]

Electoral reform[edit]

During the 2015 legislative session, Simonaire testified against a bill to restore voting rights for ex-felons.[35]

In May 2020, Simonaire asked Governor Larry Hogan to call a special session to pass election integrity bills, expressing concern that the use of mail-in ballots in the 2020 elections would lead to voter fraud.[36]

During the 2021 legislative session, Simonaire introduced a package of election reform bills, including voter ID laws and signature verification on mail-in ballots, citing what he called "major deficiencies" in the 2020 United States presidential election.[37][38] The package failed to move out of committee,[39] and many bills from the package were reintroduced in 2022.[40][41] He also supported a bill to shift control of local election boards to whichever party had a majority of registered voters in each jurisdiction,[42] and sought to amend a bill to expand early voting centers to require local boards of elections to consider "geographical distance" in deciding where to locate early voting centers.[43]

Simonaire opposed the congressional maps drawn by the Legislative Redistricting Advisory Committee (LRAC), of which he was a member, instead supporting maps drawn by Governor Larry Hogan's Maryland Citizens Redistricting Commission.[44] During the LRAC's map drawing process, he pressed for a bipartisan map drawing process and hoped legislators would produce a single map, but predicted that Democrats on the commission would pass their own map.[45] He criticized the commission's final congressional and legislative maps as "seriously gerrymandered".[46][47] After Judge Lynne A. Battaglia struck down the state's congressional maps in March 2022, Simonaire criticized Democrats for not including Republicans in the process of drafting a new map.[48]

Environment[edit]

Simonaire is an environmentalist[2] and has expressed willingness to work with legislators to pass a bipartisan climate bill.[49] He voted in favor of bills to ban fracking[50] and foam containers in Maryland.[51]

Simonaire was critical of Maryland's "Rain Tax" and introduced legislation in 2013 to offset the fee in Anne Arundel County.[52] In 2015, he voted in favor of a bill to make the rain tax optional for Maryland's largest jurisdictions.[53]

During the 2021 legislative session, Simonaire expressed concern with the Climate Solutions Now Act, which he said would force jurisdictions to choose between planting more trees and protecting local sewage projects.[54] After it was reintroduced in 2022, he objected to provisions that would require large buildings to become carbon neutral by 2040[55] and expressed that legislators should instead focus on climate solutions "starting at the regional level".[56]

Gun policy[edit]

During the 2013 legislative session, Simonaire voted against the Firearms Safety Act, a bill that placed restrictions on firearm purchases and magazine capacity in semi-automatic rifles.[57]

Social issues[edit]

Simonaire is a social conservative, opposing abortion rights and same-sex marriage,[2] citing religious beliefs.[19]

Simonaire opposed the Civil Marriage Protection Act, reading King & King on the Senate floor to protest the bill[58] and warning that "young, impressionable students" would be taught the "homosexual worldview" if the bill passed.[59] He also unsuccessfully sought to amend the bill to allow religious adoption agencies to refuse services to same-sex couples.[60] In 2015, he voted against a bill that would allow same-sex couples to use donor sperm for in vitro fertilization.[61]

In 2014, Simonaire said he opposed a bill to prohibit discrimination against transgender people.[62] In 2021, he was the lone vote against a bill to allow transgender people to change their names without advertising it in newspapers.[63]

In 2015, Simonaire introduced a "right to try" bill that would allow terminally ill patients to try experimental drugs not approved by the Food and Drug Administration.[64] In 2019, he spoke against the End-of-Life Option Act, which would have provided palliative care to terminally ill adults.[65]

During the 2016 legislative session, Simonaire introduced legislation to revise a translation of the state's motto to "Strong deeds, gentle words", saying that he believed that the current meaning of the motto ("Manly deeds, womanly words") was sexist.[66][67]

In 2022, Simonaire downplayed the impact of the U.S. Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization, which overturned Roe v. Wade, calling it a "Democratic ploy" to energize voters.[68] In 2023, during debate on a bill creating a ballot referendum to codify abortion access rights into the Constitution of Maryland, Simonaire compared abortion to the death penalty and sought to amend the bill to prohibit abortions after fetal viability, which failed by a vote of 13-33.[69]

Taxes[edit]

In 2013, Simonaire said he opposed a bill to provide $450,000 in tax breaks to Lockheed Martin.[70]

In 2021, Simonaire spoke against legislation to extend the state's earned income tax credit to undocumented immigrants.[71] He also opposed legislation to allow counties to implement progressive income taxes[72] and to impose a tax on digital advertising, and unsuccessfully attempted to amend the tax bill to prevent large companies from increasing prices for consumers or small businesses to pay for the tax.[73]

During the 2022 legislative session, Simonaire supported a bill to cut taxes on centenarians and implored legislators to pass additional tax cuts.[74]

Electoral history[edit]

Maryland Senate District 31 Republican primary election, 2006[75]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Bryan Simonaire 3,032 42.0
Republican Carl G. "Dutch" Holland 1,620 22.4
Republican Mike Jacobs 1,533 21.2
Republican Thomas R. Gardner 821 11.4
Republican Charles "Casey" Robison 218 3.0
Maryland Senate District 31 election, 2006[76]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Bryan Simonaire 19,516 50.8
Democratic Walter J. Shandrowsky 18,857 49.1
Write-in 28 0.1
Republican gain from Democratic
Maryland Senate District 31 election, 2010[77]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Bryan Simonaire (incumbent) 25,744 62.1
Democratic Ned Carey 15,688 37.8
Write-in 35 0.1
Republican hold
Maryland Senate District 31 election, 2014[78]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Bryan Simonaire (incumbent) 28,338 72.1
Democratic Anthony Scott Harman 10,929 27.8
Write-in 34 0.1
Republican hold
Maryland Senate District 31 election, 2018[79]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Bryan Simonaire (incumbent) 29,489 61.0
Democratic Scott Harman 18,778 38.9
Write-in 61 0.1
Republican hold
Maryland Senate District 31 election, 2022[80]
Party Candidate Votes %
Republican Bryan Simonaire (incumbent) 32,215 71.3
Libertarian Brian W. Kunkoski 12,318 27.2
Write-in 681 1.5
Republican hold

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f "Bryan W. Simonaire, Maryland State Senator". Maryland Manual On-Line. Maryland State Archives. March 16, 2023. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  2. ^ a b c d Kurtz, Josh (October 10, 2020). "Senate Republicans Pick Simonaire, Hough as New Leaders". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  3. ^ a b de Vise, Daniel (May 25, 2006). "As Jimeno Retires, GOP Has Hopes For Senate Seat Republican Support Rising in District". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  4. ^ de Vise, Daniel (August 31, 2006). "Open Seats Make for Abundant Choices". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  5. ^ Shorto, Russell (June 19, 2005). "What's Their Real Problem With Gay Marriage? (It's the Gay Part)". The New York Times. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  6. ^ Olson, Bradley (September 6, 2006). "Republicans energized to fill Jimeno seat in 31st". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  7. ^ Linskey, Annie (September 13, 2006). "Giannetti trails Rosapepe in 21st". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  8. ^ McCaffrey, Raymond (November 16, 2006). "Counting Goes On In Tight Contests Absentee Votes May Tilt Assembly Races". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  9. ^ Fritze, John (December 20, 2011). "Romney names new Md. endorsements". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  10. ^ Jackson, Alex (March 27, 2014). "Simonaire introduces bill to question Busch's removal of Dwyer from committee". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  11. ^ Sauers, Elisha (January 30, 2016). "Anne Arundel lawmaker's 'Dwyer amendment' fails". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  12. ^ Wood, Pamela (October 10, 2020). "Maryland GOP senators elect new, more conservative leaders". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  13. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (March 5, 2021). "Senate Panel Votes Down Republican Attempt to Get More Say Over Committee Assignments". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  14. ^ a b Kurtz, Josh (September 7, 2022). "Political notes: Senate GOP seeks distance from Cox, Raskin vows action against Trump, and more". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  15. ^ DePuyt, Bruce (November 28, 2022). "Hershey wrests top Senate Republican post from Simonaire". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  16. ^ "Endorsements in the Race for Maryland Governor". Maryland Matters. January 31, 2022. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  17. ^ Janesch, Sam (September 6, 2022). "Maryland Senate GOP leader declines to endorse gubernatorial nominee Dan Cox during election push". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  18. ^ McGowan, Phillip (May 10, 2006). "State Senate race turns unpredictable". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  19. ^ a b Thompson, Steve (May 7, 2018). "Simonaire's coming out more than a family matter". The Daily Record. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  20. ^ DePuyt, Bruce (March 28, 2018). "Senate Gives Initial OK to Ban on 'Torture' Therapy for Gay Minors". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  21. ^ DePuyt, Bruce (April 5, 2018). "Del. Shares Personal Story Before Vote to Ban Conversion Therapy for Minors". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  22. ^ DePuyt, Bruce (April 12, 2018). "Senator at Center of Family Drama Says Media 'Got it Wrong'". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  23. ^ Chason, Rachel (April 5, 2018). "A bisexual Maryland lawmaker says her dad — a state senator — suggested conversion therapy. Now, she's speaking out". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  24. ^ Cox, Erin (April 4, 2018). "Maryland delegate says her parents, including a state senator, pushed her to use conversion therapy". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  25. ^ Smitherman, Laura (February 3, 2009). "Senator suggests deal on death penalty measure". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  26. ^ Bykowicz, Julie (March 4, 2009). "Senators turn away repeal of death penalty in Md". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  27. ^ Wagner, John (March 6, 2013). "How the Maryland Senate voted on repealing the death penalty". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  28. ^ Gaskill, Hannah (December 9, 2021). "Hogan Expresses Frustration over Lack of Action on Crime Bills; Legislative Leadership Pushes Back". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  29. ^ Gaskill, Hannah (February 3, 2022). "Senate Democrats, Republicans Outline Different Approaches to Crime-Fighting Bills". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  30. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (January 12, 2021). "Senate's New GOP Leaders Pledge Cooperation But Vow to 'Fight Back' When Necessary". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  31. ^ Sears, Bryan P. (January 1, 2021). "Will this be the year of Kirwan 2.0?". The Daily Record. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  32. ^ "As Sports Betting Grows, States Tackle Teenage Problem Gambling". Maryland Matters. July 13, 2022. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  33. ^ Marimow, Ann E. (February 16, 2011). "At Maryland hearing on tuition bill, young illegal immigrants make emotional appeals". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  34. ^ Pacella, Rachael (February 21, 2022). "Simonaire proposes method for Anne Arundel parents to challenge curriculum items; schools, other pols say a check exists". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  35. ^ Wheeler, Timothy B. (March 16, 2015). "Senate approves expanding voting rights for ex-felons". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  36. ^ DuBose, Brooks; Sanchez, Olivia (May 20, 2020). "Republicans ask Hogan to call special session on Maryland election, claiming potential risk of voter 'fraud'". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  37. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (February 4, 2021). "Senate Republicans Announce Voter ID, Signature Verification Bills". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  38. ^ Blobaugh, Bob (February 4, 2021). "Ready among Maryland Senate Republicans proposing election safeguards". Carroll County Times. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  39. ^ Leckrone, Bennett; Olson, Laura (March 26, 2021). "House Election Bills Start Moving in Md. Senate, as Biden Blasts Laws Limiting Voting Access". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  40. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (February 9, 2022). "Bid to Add Signature Verification Fails as Mail-In Voting Reform Advances in Senate". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  41. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (February 17, 2022). "Republican Lawmakers Again Introduce Voter ID, Signature Verification Bills". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  42. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (February 19, 2021). "Bill Would Shift Party Control of Local Election Boards". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  43. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (March 31, 2021). "Senate Gives Final Approval to Early Voting Center Expansion". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  44. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (August 11, 2021). "Dueling Commissions Foreshadow Partisan Battle Over Redistricting". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  45. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (September 1, 2021). "Legislative Redistricting Commission Promises Transparent Process at First Meeting". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  46. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (November 23, 2021). "Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission Adopts Congressional Map to Present to General Assembly". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  47. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (January 7, 2022). "Legislative Redistricting Advisory Commission Sends State Legislative Map to General Assembly". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  48. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (March 29, 2022). "UPDATE: House Committee Approves Redrawn Congressional Plan, Sending Issue to House Floor Wednesday Morning". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  49. ^ Leckrone, Bennett; Kurtz, Josh (January 13, 2022). "Climate Activists Up the Pressure on Lawmakers as Session Starts". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  50. ^ Sears, Bryan P. (March 22, 2017). "Committee moves fracking ban to full Md. Senate". The Daily Record. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  51. ^ Hernández, Arelis R.; Wiggns, Ovetta (March 5, 2019). "Maryland moves closer to becoming first state to ban plastic foam food containers". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  52. ^ Bourg, Allison (October 1, 2013). "State lawmakers target Anne Arundel County stormwater fee". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  53. ^ Johnson, Jenna (March 20, 2015). "Maryland Senate unanimously approves easing 'rain tax' terms". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  54. ^ Shwe, Elizabeth (March 12, 2021). "Ambitious Climate Bill Voted Out of Maryland Senate". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  55. ^ Cox, Erin (March 31, 2022). "Md. pursues one of the most ambitious climate change plans in the U.S." The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  56. ^ Shwe, Elizabeth (March 10, 2022). "Senate Moves to Pass Climate Solutions Now Act After a Marathon Floor Session". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  57. ^ Wagner, John (April 5, 2013). "How the Maryland Senate voted on passed gun-control legislation". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  58. ^ Linskey, Annie (February 23, 2012). "Maryland Senate passes gay marriage bill". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  59. ^ Wagner, John (February 24, 2011). "Maryland Senate approves bill on gay marriage, but House passage not ensured". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  60. ^ Wagner, John (February 23, 2011). "Gay marriage wins initial approval in Maryland Senate". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  61. ^ Dresser, Michael; Wheeler, Timothy B. (March 24, 2015). "In vitro mandate bill for same-sex couples passes both chambers". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  62. ^ Wheeler, Timothy B. (March 4, 2014). "Maryland Senate passes transgender rights bill". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  63. ^ Sanchez, Olivia (March 23, 2021). "Maryland bill would let transgender people change names without advertising it". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  64. ^ Sauers, Elisha (October 20, 2015). "Simonaire drafts 'right-to-try' bill for dying patients to access unapproved drugs in Maryland". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  65. ^ Wiggins, Ovetta (March 27, 2019). "No aid-in-dying in Maryland this year: Bill fails with tie vote in Senate". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  66. ^ Wiggins, Ovetta (January 1, 2016). "How a 'sexist' quote from 16th-century pope became Maryland's state motto". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  67. ^ Wood, Pamela (March 22, 2016). "Maryland Senate considers new translation of motto on state seal". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  68. ^ Marbella, Jean (September 9, 2022). "Post-Roe, continuing furor over abortion rights decision looms over November election in Maryland and beyond". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  69. ^ Gaskill, Hannah (March 10, 2023). "Abortion referendum bill advances, would give voters choice in 2024 of enshrining access in state constitution". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  70. ^ Wagner, John (March 8, 2013). "Maryland Senate advances local tax break for Lockheed Martin". The Washington Post. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  71. ^ Leckrone, Bennett (February 19, 2021). "Senate OKs Bill to Extend Tax Credit to Thousands of Immigrants". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  72. ^ Gaines, Danielle E. (April 6, 2021). "Lawmakers Debating Whether to Allow Tiered Local Income Tax Brackets". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  73. ^ Kurtz, Josh; Shwe, Elizabeth (March 4, 2021). "Bills on Digital Tax, Guns at Polling Places Move to Final Senate Votes". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  74. ^ Gaskill, Hannah; Kurtz, Josh; Shwe, Elizabeth (April 6, 2022). "Legislative Roundup: Patterson's Decision, House Debates Hate Crime Bill, Centenarian Tax Cuts and More". Maryland Matters. Retrieved October 1, 2023.
  75. ^ "Official 2006 Gubernatorial Primary Election results for Legislative District 31". Maryland State Board of Elections.
  76. ^ "Official 2006 Gubernatorial General Election results for Legislative District 31". Maryland State Board of Elections.
  77. ^ "Official 2010 Gubernatorial General Election results for State Senator". Maryland State Board of Elections.
  78. ^ "Official 2014 Gubernatorial General Election results for State Senator". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 2, 2014.
  79. ^ "Official 2018 Gubernatorial General Election results for State Senator". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 11, 2018.
  80. ^ "Official 2022 Gubernatorial General Election results for State Senator". Maryland State Board of Elections. December 7, 2022.

External links[edit]

Maryland Senate
Preceded by Minority Leader of the Maryland Senate
2020–2023
Succeeded by