Chaunoides

Chaunoides; Temporal range: Miocene PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Anseriformes
Family:	Anhimidae
Genus:	†Chaunoides; Alvarenga, 1999
Species:	†C. antiquus
Binomial name
	†Chaunoides antiquus; Alvarenga, 1999

Chaunoides is an extinct genus of screamer.^[1]^[2] Only one species of this genus is known, Chaunoides antiquus from the upper Oligocene or lower Miocene Tremembé Formation of Brazil. It was smaller and more gracile than all living screamers.

Description

Chaunoides is a small screamer, but still large when compared to most living ducks and geese. Its legs are similar in length to the other species of screamer, but thinner and less pneumatized, consistent with a more gracile body.^[2] The skeletal material is relatively fragmentary, including only a coracoid and fragmentary limb material.^[2] Like the femur, many of the skeletal elements of Chaunoides are less pneumatized than the living screamers. The coracoid is more slender than any living screamer, and smaller overall.^[2] Conclusive reconstructions or size estimates of the entire animal are difficult due to a lack of available fossil material.^[2]

Paleoecology

The Tremembe Formation is a small lacustrine deposit composed mainly of Clay and Shale. Chaunoides coexisted with a wide variety of other bird species, including the extinct flamingos Palaelodus and Agnopterus,^[2] as well as the Teratorn Taubatornis.^[3] Pyrotherian mammals are also known from the site.^[4] The preserved lake ecosystem was alkaline and shallow.^[2]

References

^ Mourer-Chauviré, Cécile; Berthet, Didier; Hugueney, Marguerite (2004-12-01). "The late Oligocene birds of the Créchy quarry (Allier, France), with a description of two new genera (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae, and Anseriformes: Anseranatidae)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 84 (1): 303–315. doi:10.1007/BF03043473. ISSN 0037-2110. S2CID 84323461.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Alvarenga, Herculano (1999). A Fossil Screamer (Anseriformes: Anhimidae) from the Middle Tertiary of Southeastern Brazil. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
^ Suárez, William; Olson, Storrs L. (2009). "A New Genus for The Cuban Teratorn (Aves: Teratornithidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 122 (1): 103–116. doi:10.2988/08-27.1. ISSN 0006-324X – via Si.edu.
^ Ribeiro, Graziella do Couto. Osteologia de Taubatherium paulacoutoi Soria & Alvarenga, 1989 (Notoungulata, Leontiniidae) e de um novo Pyrotheria: dois mamíferos fósseis da Formação Tremembé, Brasil (SALMA Deseadense - Oligoceno Superior) (Thesis). Universidade de Sao Paulo, Agencia USP de Gestao da Informacao Academica (AGUIA).

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[1] Mourer-Chauviré, Cécile; Berthet, Didier; Hugueney, Marguerite (2004-12-01). "The late Oligocene birds of the Créchy quarry (Allier, France), with a description of two new genera (Aves: Pelecaniformes: Phalacrocoracidae, and Anseriformes: Anseranatidae)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 84 (1): 303–315. doi:10.1007/BF03043473. ISSN 0037-2110. S2CID 84323461.

[:0-2] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g Alvarenga, Herculano (1999). A Fossil Screamer (Anseriformes: Anhimidae) from the Middle Tertiary of Southeastern Brazil. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.

[3] Suárez, William; Olson, Storrs L. (2009). "A New Genus for The Cuban Teratorn (Aves: Teratornithidae)". Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 122 (1): 103–116. doi:10.2988/08-27.1. ISSN 0006-324X – via Si.edu.

[4] Ribeiro, Graziella do Couto. Osteologia de Taubatherium paulacoutoi Soria & Alvarenga, 1989 (Notoungulata, Leontiniidae) e de um novo Pyrotheria: dois mamíferos fósseis da Formação Tremembé, Brasil (SALMA Deseadense - Oligoceno Superior) (Thesis). Universidade de Sao Paulo, Agencia USP de Gestao da Informacao Academica (AGUIA).

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