Compendium of the Christian Doctrine in the Portuguese and Brasílica Language

Title page of the 1687 edition; according to Serafim Leite, the exact year of printing is this one, and not 1678, as recorded on the cover.
Title page of the 1687 edition; according to Serafim Leite [pt], the exact year of printing is this one, and not 1678, as recorded on the cover.[1]
Open book with the Our Father, the Hail Mary, and the beginning of the Hail Holy Queen, in Portuguese and Tupi
Open book with the Lord's Prayer, the Hail Mary, and the beginning of the Salve Regina, in Portuguese and Tupi

Compendium of the Christian Doctrine in the Portuguese and Brasílica Language (Portuguese: Compêndio da doutrina cristã na língua portuguesa e brasílica) is a catechism by John Philip Bettendorff [pt], published in 1687 in the city of Lisbon.[2] It was the last book on the Old Tupi language printed by the Society of Jesus in the Brazilian colonial period and the first whose author was an active Jesuit in the Amazon.[3] It had a second edition printed in 1800, reissued also in Lisbon, by José Mariano da Conceição Veloso.[1]

It has been regarded as the most inaccessible of the Tupi works printed by the Jesuits in the 16th and 17th centuries;[3] the only Tupinologist who had access to the first edition was Antônio Lemos Barbosa. Two copies of this first edition are known, one in the National Library Foundation of Rio de Janeiro[a] and another in the National Library of Spain.[4]

The Tupi found in Bettendorff 's Compendium appears slightly altered, showing constructions that are incompatible with the teachings of Joseph of Anchieta and Luís Figueira. Lemos Barbosa suggests this may reflect a natural evolution of the language[5] and notes Tupi "subordinate conjugation" was going through a period of confusion at the time.[6] However, he also acknowledges the possibility of error on Bettendorff 's part,[5] stating that the author of the Compendium "did not have complete mastery of the language", and that some of his constructions should therefore be regarded as mistakes rather than evidence of linguistic evolution.[7]

Notes

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  1. ^ Available firsthand on Wikimedia Commons through this category since April 2025

References

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  1. ^ a b Arenz, Barros & Gauz 2019, p. 188.
  2. ^ Arenz, Barros & Gauz 2019, pp. 181, 186.
  3. ^ a b Arenz, Barros & Gauz 2019, p. 181.
  4. ^ Arenz, Barros & Gauz 2019, p. 182.
  5. ^ a b Lemos Barbosa 1956, p. 214.
  6. ^ Lemos Barbosa 1956, p. 387.
  7. ^ Lemos Barbosa 1956, p. 390.

Bibliography

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  • Arenz, Karl; Barros, Cândida; Gauz, Valeria (2019). "Um Catecismo Amazônico" [An Amazonian Catechism]. Anthropos (in Portuguese). 114 (1). JSTOR 26790644.
  • Lemos Barbosa, Antônio (1956). Curso de tupi antigo: gramática, exercícios, textos [Course of Old Tupi: grammar, exercises, texts] (in Portuguese). Rio de Janeiro: Livraria São José. Archived from the original on 24 May 2025.
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