Eathiestrobus

Eathiestrobus; Temporal range: Kimmeridgian–Berriasian PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Gymnospermae
Division:	Pinophyta
Class:	Pinopsida
Order:	Pinales
Family:	Pinaceae
Genus:	†Eathiestrobus; Rothwell et al., (2012).
Species:	†E. mackenziei
Binomial name
	†Eathiestrobus mackenziei; Rothwell et al., (2012).

Eathiestrobus mackenziei is a fossil pine cone found in the Kimmeridge Clay Formation (Upper Jurassic) near Eathie, on the Black Isle in Scotland.^[2] It is the oldest fossil pine currently known.^[1]

Etymology[edit]

The genus name Eathiestrobus refers to the place it was found, Eathie, in Scotland, and strobus, which means cone. The species name mackenziei honors Mr. W. Mackenzie, who collected the specimen and donated it to the Hunterian Museum in 1896.

Description[edit]

The holotype of Eathiestrobus mackenziei consists of an incomplete, 8 cm long seed cone. It is held in the Hunterian Museum and Art Gallery in Glasgow, and was originally identified as Pityostrobus, but later re-examined and reclassified as a new genus and species.^[1]

Significance[edit]

Eathiestrobus extends the fossil record for the family Pinaceae by around 20 million years. The oldest fossil pines were known from the Early Cretaceous (Pinus yorkshirensis and Pityostrobus californensis). Eathiestrobus was also important because it clarified the characteristics of the seed cones of Pinaceae, making it easier to identify members of the family in the fossil record.^[1]

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Rothwell, G.W., Mapes, G., Stockey, R.A. and Hilton, J. 2012. The seed cone Eathiestrobus gen. nov.: fossil evidence for a Jurassic origin of Pinaceae. American Journal of Botany, 99(4): 708-720.
^ Riding, J.B. (2005). "Middle and Upper Jurassic (Callovian to Kimmeridgian) palynology of the onshore Moray Firth Basin, northeast Scotland". Palynology. 29 (1): 87–142. doi:10.1080/01916122.2005.9989605. S2CID 220340403.

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[Rothwell2012-1] Rothwell, G.W., Mapes, G., Stockey, R.A. and Hilton, J. 2012. The seed cone Eathiestrobus gen. nov.: fossil evidence for a Jurassic origin of Pinaceae. American Journal of Botany, 99(4): 708-720.

[Riding2005-2] Riding, J.B. (2005). "Middle and Upper Jurassic (Callovian to Kimmeridgian) palynology of the onshore Moray Firth Basin, northeast Scotland". Palynology. 29 (1): 87–142. doi:10.1080/01916122.2005.9989605. S2CID 220340403.

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