Edward Berwick (pioneer)

Edward Berwick
Edward Berwick
Born(1843-01-25)January 25, 1843
St George Hanover Square, London, England
DiedJanuary 28, 1934(1934-01-28) (aged 91)
Monterey, California, US
NationalityEnglish American
Occupation(s)Farmer, Writer, Speaker
SpouseIsabella Richardson
Children3

Edward Berwick (January 25, 1843 – January 28, 1934) was an American farmer who raised crops, orchards, and livestock. He settled in Carmel Valley, California in 1869 and developed the Berwick Manor and Orchard. He planted the first commercial pear orchard, specializing in the Winter Nelis pear. He was nationally known for his work for peace and the parcel post. He was the first person to raise winter pears on a commercial scale.[1][2]

Early life[edit]

Berwick was born in London, England on January 25, 1843. He was the son of James Berwick and Nacy Mary Handley.[3][4] He was tall, blue-eyed, and developed a local reputation as a scholar. He was educated in London at Camden House School, King's College and through lectures at the Royal Society in Albemarle Street Hall.[5] He spent his early years as a clerk in a banking house. Then in 1895, at the age of 22, he sailed for California.[6]

Berwick married Isabella Richardson (1832-1909) on September 13, 1867, in San Francisco, California.[7] They had three children. Their son, Edward Berwick Jr., died on February 5, 1909, at age 34, when he was engaged to Edith Jordan, daughter of Stanford University President David Starr Jordan.[8][9]

Career[edit]

Berwick Manor and Orchard.
Winter Nelis pear.

Edward Berwick arrived in California on July 17, 1865, and worked for Jeoffry Cullen on the Piojo Ranch cattle ranch of 13,000 acres at San Antonio Mission in southern Monterey County. He also worked at the San Miguelito Ranch and the Santa Rita Ranch.[5]

On September 23, 1869, they soon moved to Carmel Valley, California and purchased 120 acres near Robinson Canyon Road for $500 in gold. The property is known as the Berwick Manor and Orchard. It included a ranch house, garden, pool, and barns. Berwick went on to launch a successful orchard business, where he planted the first commercial pear orchard, specializing in the Winter Nelis pear. His pears became world famous as the "Berwick Pear", known for their quality. He shipped the pears each year to London and Paris. He cultivated and sold walnuts, apples, vegetables, pears, and strawberries.[6] Berwick built a reservoir system and windmill on the property to irrigate his orchard and garden.[10][11]

The property has been held by four families, since its initial parceling in the Mexican land grant in present-day Monterey County, California given on January 27, 1840, to Antonio Romero by Governor Juan Alvarado. It was used during the Great Depression by the federal government to teach local ranchers more scientific farming methods.[5] The farm has been in continual ownership and operation by the Berwick family since 1869 and is the only intact farmstead of this period left in Carmel Valley.[5]

Berwick sponsored the growing delivery business, United Parcel Service, and became the first president of the Postal Post League of California, fighting for parcel post and Postal Svings-Banks.[9] He was a scholar who taught at the Carmelo School, which was Carmel Valley's first schoolhouse. He was a writer, speaker and advocate of local sanitation and world peace.[12]

In 1881, the Berwicks built a house at 343 Ocean View Avenue, Pacific Grove, California. Berwick traveled to Carmel Valley to take care and manage the orchard.[6]

Berwick entertained the writer Robert Louis Stevenson when the writer was out hiking in the area.[13] Berwick was a member of the California Academy of Sciences for 30 years. He published in the Pacific Rural Press, Arena, Cosmopolitan and The World's Work magazines and the Daily Standard of London. During 1903 and 1905 he was a lecturer for the Farmers Institute at the University of California.[5]

Death[edit]

Berwick of Pacific Grove, died on January 28, 1934, in Monterey, California. He was 91 years old.[12]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ "Parcels Post Father Dead". The Chico Enterprise. Chico, California. 31 Jan 1934. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  2. ^ "Pioneer Succumbs At Pacific Grove". The Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles, California. 4 Feb 1934. p. 58. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  3. ^ Berwick, Edward (January 28, 1934). "California U.S. Death Index 1940-1997" (Database). Department of Public Health Services, Sacramento.
  4. ^ Berwick, Edward (January 25, 1843). "California, Biographical Index Cards, 1781-1990" (Database). California State Library; Sacramento, California; Biographical Files.
  5. ^ a b c d e "National Register of Historic Places Inventory, Nomination Form". November 17, 1977. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  6. ^ a b c Fink, Augusta (2000). Monterey County: The Dramatic Story of its Past. Valley Publishers. p. 197. ISBN 9780913548622. Retrieved 2020-07-19.
  7. ^ Barratt, Elizabeth (2010). Images of America, Carmel Valley. San Francisco, California: Arcadia Publishing. p. 50. ISBN 9780738571621. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  8. ^ "Found Dead In Bed. Edward Berwick Jr. Dies Suddenly at His Carmel Valley Home". Monterey Daily Cypress and Monterey American. Monterey, California. 6 Feb 1909. p. 1. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  9. ^ a b "Edward Berwick, To Wed Dr. Jordan's Daughter". San Jose Mercury News. San Jose, California. 21 Jan 1909. p. 1. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  10. ^ Wickson, Edward (2009). California Vegetables, A Manual of Practice, with and Without Irrigation, for Semitropical Countries. Applewood Books. p. 59. ISBN 9781429013215. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  11. ^ "Did you know" (PDF). Carmel Pine Cone. Carmel, California. 2007-10-05. p. 2A. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  12. ^ a b "Edward Berwick, Pear Pioneer of Peninsula, Is 91". Salinas Morning Post. Salinas, California. 27 Jan 1934. p. 1. Retrieved 2021-10-13.
  13. ^ "Carmel Valley steeped in rich country lore". Carmel Pine Cone. Carmel, California. 1997-08-22. p. 35. Retrieved 2021-10-13.

External links[edit]

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