In memory of the confessional wars of the Old Confederation, the window glorifies the victory of the Confederates and their allies from Fribourg over Charles the Bold at the Battle of Murten in 1476. Mehoffer stages the event as an image that encompasses all four panels of the window. The warriors appearing on the right are marked with their weapons and armour as old Confederates. They lay down the flags of the Burgundian army at Mary's feet under the protection of the Archangel Michael. In the front line, a warrior with a white beard raises his sword to Mary as a sign of victory and exults with joy. An angelic glory frames the dignified Madonna in her ostentatious robe, while the angels appear lively. Below her, the equally splendidly dressed allegory of Helvetia (Patria), depicted as a supine figure, is presenting the laurel wreath to two honourations from Fribourg. In the panes of the head zone, the allegorical figures of hope, faith, strength and love are reproduced. This window was commissioned by the state. Therefore, the two dignitaries, one of whom holds the coat of arms of Fribourg, are dressed in modern clothing. In this way, the stained glass creates a link to the present. Although the heroic deeds of the ancestors, as they have been formed into myths by the modern nation state, are glorified, they are religiously exaggerated in the Fribourg Catholic sense. For the picture suggests to the viewer that the Confederates had already officially placed themselves under the protection of Mary in 1476 just as the people of Fribourg did around 1650 when they donated the Chapel of Our Lady of Victory. In this way, the Fribourg state demonstrates its reservations about the Enlightenment-liberal federal state.
Mehoffer succeeded in creating a convincing portrayal of patriotic feelings with this window.
Depicted place
in chronological order: stained glass windows in the aisle chapels
of Apostles
of Our Lady of Victory
of the Maryrs
of Eucharist
of Epiphany
of St. Ann etc.
of the deacons and bishops
of Nicholas of Flüe
in the choir
of Trinity: «God the Father»
of Trinity: «God the Son»
of Trinity: «God the Holy Spirit»
of history
of church history
Date
between 1896 and 1898
date QS:P571,+1896-00-00T00:00:00Z/8,P1319,+1896-00-00T00:00:00Z/9,P1326,+1898-00-00T00:00:00Z/9
1899 Ehrung mit dem Preis Probus Barczewski der polnischen Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Inscriptions
Signature and date bottom center:
J. M. 1897
[Józef Mehoffer]
Signature and date bottom center:
Peinture sur verre Kirsch & Fleckner Fribourg Suisse 1898
References
Hortensia von Roda: Die Glasmalereien von Józef Mehoffer in der Kathedrale St. Nikolaus in Freiburg i. Üe. Gesellschaft für Schweizerische Kunstgeschichte (Hrsg.). Bern: Benteli 1995, (= Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte der Schweiz, Bd. 7), ISBN: 3-7165-0969-8
Valérie Sauterel: Der Fensterzyklus von Józef Mehoffer. In: Die Kathedrale St. Nikolaus in Freiburg. Brennspiegel der europäischen Gotik. Herausgegeben von Peter Kurmann. Lausanne, Freiburg 2007, S. 166-180
Anna Zenczak, Xavier Deryng, Marta Smolinska-Byczuk, Beata Studzizba, Joanna Wapiennik-Kossowicz: Józef Mehoffer (1869-1946). Un peintre symboliste polonais. Paris et Milan: Musèe d'Orsay et 5 Continents Éditions, 2004 (catalogue d'exposition sous le même titre au Musée d'Orsay, Paris, du 16 juin - 12 septembre 2004) ISBN: 2-905724-11-0 et 88-7439-167-6.
Source/Photographer
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