King of Gwynedd from 950 to 979
Iago ab Idwal Foel A fanciful illustration of Iago ab Idwal Foel from the Historie of Cambria (1584)
Reign c. 950-979 Predecessor Hywel Dda Died c. 979 Father Idwal Foel
Iago ab Idwal (fl. 942-979) was a King of Gwynedd (reigned 950–979) and possibly Powys .[ 2]
Iago was the son of the previous King Idwal Foel who had inherited the throne of Gwynedd on the death of his father Anarawd ap Rhodri in 916. Iago's paternal great grandparents were Rhodri Mawr , King of Gwynedd and Angharad ferch Meurig of Ceredigion. He had at least two brothers, Ieuaf ab Idwal Foel[ 3] [ 4]
Idwal had allied himself with King Æthelstan of England upon the latter's accession in 924. Æthelstan died in 939 and was succeeded by his half-brother Edmund . In 942 Idwal, apparently fearing that the Saxons would support Hywel Dda in usurping him, launched a fatal attack on the Saxons in Wales along with his brother Elisedd . The Annales Cambriæ Ieuaf , but Hywel Dda invaded and drove them from the kingdom. He reigned for eight years before the brothers were able to return and reclaim their patrimony following his death in 950. They drove their cousins out of Gwynedd at the Battle of Carno and reclaimed the kingdom. Fighting continued, with the brothers raiding as far south as Dyfed in 952 and their cousins raiding as far north as the Conwy Valley in 954. The southern princes were finally defeated at the Battle of Llanrwst and chased back to Ceredigion .[ 5]
Having won, the brothers then began to quarrel among themselves. Iago took Ieuaf prisoner in 969 (some sources claim he had him hanged)[ 2] Hywel ab Ieuaf invaded and deposed him. Hywel fully usurped him in 979. There appears to be no surviving record of Iago's fate, but his son Custennin Ddu, raided the Llŷn peninsula and Anglesey in 980 in conjunction with Gofraid mac Arailt , king of Man.[ 2]
Iago had at least one child,[ 6] [ 7] [ 8] [ 2]
Powel, David (1584). The historie of Cambria, now called Wales: a part of the most famous Yland of Brytaine, written in the Brytish language aboue two hundreth yeares past . Translated by Llwyd, Humphrey . London: Rafe Newberrie and Henrie Denham. IA historieofcambri00cara .
Territories/dates[ 9] [ 10] [ 11] [ 12] [ 13] [ 14] [ 15] Powys Dogfeiling Gwynedd Dunoding Ceredigion Ystrad Tywi Dyfed Brycheiniog Glywysing Gwent Ergyng 400–600 Sub-Roman Britain Kingdom of Powys Gwrtheyrn Catigern Cadell Ddyrnllwg Rhuddfedel Frych Cyngen Glodrydd Brochwel Ysgithrog Cynan Garwyn Selyf ap Cynan Manwgan ap Selyf Kingdom of Gwynedd Kingdom of Dyfed Triffyn Farfog Aergol Lawhir Vortiporius Brycheiniog Anlach mac Cormac Brychan Glywysing Mor Solor Glywys Gwynllŵg Gwynllyw Cadoc Kingdom of Gwent Ynyr Gwent Caradoc Vreichvras Ergyng Peibio Clafrog Cynfyn Gwrfoddw Gwrgan Fawr Dogfeiling Dogfael ap Cunedda Wledig Elno ap Dogfael Glas ap Elno Elgud ap Glas ap Elno Elaeth ab Elgud Meurig ap Elaeth House of Gwynedd Cunedda Wledig Einion Yrth ap Cunedda Cadwallon Lawhir Maelgwn Gwynedd Rhun Hir ap Maelgwn Beli ap Rhun Iago ap Beli Cadfan ap Iago Cadwallon ap Cadfan Cadafael Cadwaladr Dunoding Dunod ap Cunedda Eifion ap Dunod Dingad ab Eifion Meurig ad Dingad Eifion ap Meurig Issac ap Eifion ap Meurig Pobien Hen ap Isaac Pobddelw ap Pobien Hen Eifion ap Pobddelw Brochwel ap Eifion Eigion ap Brochwel ab Eifion Ieuanawl ab Eigion Caradog ap Ieuanawl Bleiddud ap Caradog Cuhelyn ap Bleiddud Kingdom of Ceredigion Ceredig ap Cunedda Usai ap Ceredig Serwyl ab Usai Boddw ap Serwyl Arthfoddw ap Boddw Athrwys ab Arthfoddw Clydog ab Athrwys 600–613 Cloten Cathen ap Gwlyddein Cadwgan ap Caten Rhain ap Cadwgan Tewdrig Meurig ap Tewdrig 613–642 Eluadd ap Glast (Eiludd Powys ) 642–645 Manwgan ap Selyf Beli ab Eiludd Gwylog ap Beli Elisedd ap Gwylog Brochfael ab Elisedd Cadell ap Brochfael Cyngen ap Cadell 645–682 Athrwys ap Meurig Morgan ab Athrwys Ithel ap Morgan Meurig ab Ithel 682–740 Idwal Iwrch Rhodri Molwynog Caradog ap Meirion Cynan Dindaethwy Hywel ap Caradog 730–745 Seisyllwg Seisyll ap Clydog Arthen ap Seisyll Dyfnwallon ab Arthen Meurig ap Dyfnwallon Gwgon ap Meurig Dyfed Tewdos (Tewdwr) Maredudd ap Tewdws Rhain ap Maredudd Owain ap Maredudd Triffyn ap Rhain Bleddri (Bledrig) Hyfaidd ap Bleddri Llywarch ap Hyfaidd Rhodri ap Hyfaidd Hywel Dda Brycheiniog 745–825 Glywysing Rhys ab Ithel Rhodri ab Ithel Meurig ab Ithel Rhys ap Arthfael Hywel ap Rhys Owain ap Hywel Gwent Brochfael ap Meurig Ffernfael ap Meurig Brochwel ap Meurig Arthfael ap Hywel Ithel ab Athrwys ap Ffernfael Mercia 825–854 House of Aberffraw Merfyn Frych Rhodri Mawr 854–872 Rhodri Mawr 871–878 Rhodri Mawr 878–909 Powys Merfyn ap Rhodri Llywelyn ap Merfyn Gwynedd Anarawd ap Rhodri House of Dinefwr Cadell ap Rhodri 909–913 Deheubarth Hywel Dda 913–925 Kingdom of England Archenfield 916–930 Idwal Foel Owain ap Hywel 930–942 Glywysing Gruffydd ab Owain Cadwgan ab Owain Gwent Morgan Hen ab Owain 942–950 Hywel Dda 950–986 Powys Owain ap Hywel Dda Gwynedd Ieuaf Iago ab Idwal Hywel ap Ieuaf Cadwallon ab Ieuaf Deheubarth Owain ap Hywel Dda Morgannwg Morgan Hen ab Owain Hywel ab Owain ap Morgan Hen Rhydderch ab Iestyn Gruffudd ap Rhydderch 988–999 Maredudd ab Owain 999–1022 Powys Llywelyn ap Seisyll Gwynedd Cynan ap Hywel Aeddan ap Blegywryd Deheubarth Rhain the Irishman Cadell ab Einion 1018–1023 Llywelyn ap Seisyll 1023–1033 Powys Rhydderch ab Iestyn Gwynedd Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig Deheubarth Rhydderch ab Iestyn Gruffudd ap Rhydderch 1033–1039 Iago ab Idwal ap Meurig Gruffudd ap Llywelyn 1045–1055 Gruffudd ap Rhydderch 1055–1063 Gruffudd ap Llywelyn 1063–1075 House of Mathrafal Bleddyn ap Cynfyn Deheubarth Maredudd ab Owain ab Edwin Rhys ab Owain Rhys ap Tewdwr Glywysing Caradog ap Gruffudd Gwent Cadwgan ap Meurig 1075–1081 Powys Iorwerth ap Bleddyn Cadwgan ap Bleddyn Owain ap Cadwgan Maredudd ap Bleddyn Madog ap Maredudd Gwynedd Trahaearn ap Caradog Morgannwg Caradog ap Gruffudd Iestyn ap Gwrgant 1081–1093 Gruffudd ap Cynan Owain Gwynedd Hywel ab Owain Gwynedd Dafydd ab Owain Gwynedd Llywelyn ab Iorwerth 1088–1116 Norman occupation 1095–1160 Deheubarth Gruffydd ap Rhys Anarawd ap Gruffydd Cadell ap Gruffydd Maredudd ap Gruffydd Rhys ap Gruffydd Gruffydd ap Rhys II Maelgwn ap Rhys Rhys Gryg Lordship of Brecknock Lordship of Glamorgan 1160–1216 Powys Fadog Gruffydd Maelor I Madog ap Gruffydd Maelor Gruffydd II ap Madog Madog II ap Gruffydd Gruffudd Fychan I Powys Wenwynwyn Owain Cyfeiliog Gwenwynwyn 1216–1241 Principality of Wales Llywelyn ab Iorwerth 1241–1283 Gruffudd ap Gwenwynwyn Dafydd ap Llywelyn Owain Goch ap Gruffudd Llywelyn ap Gruffudd Dafydd ap Gruffudd 1283–1287 (English conquest of Wales ) 1535–1542 Laws in Wales Acts ^ a b c d Thornton, David E. (23 September 2004). Iago ab Idwal Foel (d. c. 979), king of Gwynedd ^ "IEUAF (or IDWAL) ab IDWAL FOEL (died 985), joint king of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography" . biography.wales . Retrieved 29 April 2025 .^ "MEURIG ab IDWAL FOEL (died 986), nobleman of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography" . biography.wales . Retrieved 29 April 2025 .^ John Edward Lloyd (1911). A history of Wales: from the earliest times to the Edwardian conquest ^ Thornton, David E. (23 September 2004). Hywel ab Ieuaf (d. 985), king of Gwynedd ^ "HYWEL ap IEUAF (died 985), king of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography" . biography.wales . Retrieved 29 April 2025 .^ "IAGO ab IDWAL FOEL (fl. 942-979), king of Gwynedd | Dictionary of Welsh Biography" . biography.wales . Retrieved 29 April 2025 .^ Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional ^ Bartrum, Peter Clement (1993). A Welsh Classical Dictionary: People in History and Legend Up to about A.D. 1000 ISBN 0907158730 ^ biography.wales Dictionary of Welsh Biography )^ Davies, John (1994). A History of Wales ISBN 9780140145816 ^ Encyclopaedia of Wales . University of Wales Press. 2008. ISBN 978-0-7083-1953-6 ^ Lloyd, John Edward (1912). A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest ^ Turvey, Roger (2010). Twenty-One Welsh Princes ISBN 9781845272692
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