List of Coronavirus live isolates

This article aims at keeping an up-to-date list of Coronavirus strains and subspecies successfully isolated and cultured in laboratory, a task which is often challenging. When relevant it shall include a few synthetic chimera as well as some strains that were only propagated in laboratory animals.

Alphacoronavirus[edit]

  • 229E [1]
  • NL63 [2]
  • PEDV (adding Trypsin to Vero cells),[3][4] propagated in piglets,[5] repeated passage in Vero cells,[6] using Vero/TMPRSS2 and Vero/MSPL cells [7]
  • SADS [8]

Tegacovirus[edit]

  • TGEV [9] PRCV [10]
  • Feline coronavirus
  • Canine coronavirus.[11]
  • A recent recombinant CCoV-HuPn-2018 [12] including a human case [13]

Betacoronavirus[edit]

Merbecovirus[edit]

  • HKU5 SARS-S chimera [14]
  • HKU5 and a MERS PDF-2180-S chimera, with trypsin [15]
  • Various MERS HKU4-RBD chimera [16]
  • HKU4 [17]
  • MERS [18]
  • HKU4-like Pangolin Coronavirus [19][20]

Embecovirus[edit]

  • Bovine coronavirus [21]
  • Rabbit HKU14 [22]
  • MHV
  • OC43 (1967)
  • HKU1 [23]
  • Parker rat coronavirus [24]
  • Dromedary camel HKU23 [25]
  • Canine respiratory coronavirus (CRCoV) [26]
  • Equine coronavirus [27]

Sarbecovirus[edit]

  • SARS [28]
  • HKU3 SARS-RBD synthetic recombinant [29]
  • bat-SL-CoV ZC45 (in suckling rats) [30]
  • WIV1 [31]
  • RsSHC014 (synthetic clone) [32]
  • WIV16 [33]
  • WIV1 Rs4874-S synthetic chimera [34]
  • Rs4874 and two synthetic chimera WIV1 Rs7237-S and WIV1 Rs4231-S [35]
  • SARS-CoV-2 [36]
  • BANAL-236 [37]
  • Pangolin Guangxi P2V [38][39]
  • Rco319, Rc-os20, Rc-mk2, Rc-kw8 (in Vero with Rc-ACE2)[40]
  • WIV1 Rs4081-S synthetic chimera (with trypsin). In the spike it is a member of clade 2 (including HKU3). [41]
  • WIV1 RsSHC014-S1 chimera[42]
  • Two clade 1 viruses (using ACE2) RsYN2012 and RsYN2016 and one clade 2 virus (not using ACE2) RsHuB2019 in Huh7 cells with trypsin.[43]
  • pangolin/Guangdong, in Vero cells, human organoids, hACE2 mice, hamsters [44] [45]

Gammacoronavirus[edit]

  • Avian coronavirus (IBV) [46]
  • Turkey coronavirus[47]

Deltacoronavirus[edit]

  • Porcine deltacoronavirus HKU15[48] including a human case [49]
  • Parrot coronavirus [50]

References[edit]

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  20. ^ Xia, Luo-Yuan; Wang, Zhen-Fei; Cui, Xiao-Ming; Li, Yuan-Guo; Ye, Run-Ze; Zhu, Dai-Yun; Li, Fang-Xu; Zhang, Jie; Wang, Wen-Hao; Zhang, Ming-Zhu; Gao, Wan-Ying; Li, Lian-Feng; Que, Teng-Cheng; Wang, Tie-Cheng; Jia, Na; Jiang, Jia-Fu; Gao, Yu-Wei; Cao, Wu-Chun (2024). "Isolation and characterization of a pangolin-borne HKU4-related coronavirus that potentially infects human-DPP4-transgenic mice". Nature Communications. 15 (1): 1048. Bibcode:2024NatCo..15.1048X. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-45453-2. PMC 10844334. PMID 38316817.
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  30. ^ Hu, D.; Zhu, C.; Ai, L.; He, T.; Wang, Y.; Ye, F.; Yang, L.; Ding, C.; Zhu, X.; Lv, R.; Zhu, J.; Hassan, B.; Feng, Y.; Tan, W.; Wang, C. (2018). "Genomic characterization and infectivity of a novel SARS-like coronavirus in Chinese bats - PMC". Emerging Microbes & Infections. 7 (1): 154. doi:10.1038/s41426-018-0155-5. PMC 6135831. PMID 30209269.
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