List of rivers of Europe

Main European drainage divides (red lines) separating catchments (green regions)

This article lists the principal rivers of Europe with their main tributaries.

Scope[edit]

The border of Europe and Asia is here defined as from the Kara Sea, along the Ural Mountains and Ural River to the Caspian Sea. While the crest of the Caucasus Mountains is the geographical border with Asia in the south, Georgia, and to a lesser extent Armenia and Azerbaijan, are politically and culturally often associated with Europe; rivers in these countries are therefore included.

The list is at the outset limited to those rivers that are at least 250 km long from the most distant source, have a drainage basin (catchment area, watershed) of at least 10,000 km2 (3,900 sq mi), or have a mean discharge (volume, flow) of at least 150 m3/s (5,300 cu ft/s). Also included are a number of rivers (currently 47) that do not meet these criteria, but are very well known and/or nearly make the mark. Examples of these are the Arno, Ruhr, Saar, and Clyde. See the lists of rivers for individual countries linked to at the bottom of the page for smaller rivers.

The rivers are ordered from those flowing to the extreme northeast into the Arctic Ocean, following the coastline anticlockwise all the way to the southeastern coast of the Black Sea. Iceland and the British Islands are included via virtual connections with northern Norway and across the Strait of Dover and the North Channel, respectively. Finally, rivers draining into the Caspian Sea are listed from Azerbaijan to the Ural River.

The table can be sorted by each column. The first three columns give a ranking for (maximum) length, area and volume of those rivers flowing into the sea or an endorheic lake down to the cut-off values. No ranking of tributaries is attempted, as the concept is too contentious; for example, hydrologically the middle and upper Volga could be considered a tributary of the Kama, in which case it would be the fifth or sixth longest river in Europe. Instead it does not appear in the table at all.

The commercial and geopolitical importance of rivers is not ranked here. As a transportation artery, a river may unite a region commercially and economically, but major rivers, as barriers to travel, may also form political boundaries between states. The Danube, the second longest river in Europe, is notable for flowing through or past ten countries; the Rhine through or past six. The Volga, the longest river in Europe, unites a huge region of European Russia; eleven of the twenty largest cities in Russia lie on its banks. The Loire and the Po unite important regions within France and Italy respectively. The most important rivers in Europe include Rhone, Elbe, Oder, Tagus, Thames, Don and Dnieper, among others.[further explanation needed]

Caveats[edit]

The measurements shown are drawn from sources deemed most reliable, but still are often uncertain, especially when other sources disagree wildly. For example, the Siret in Romania and Ukraine is 726 km long with a basin of 44,000 km2 according to the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, 647 km (44,811 km2) according to a Romanian management plan for the Siret basin [1] and 559 km (47,610 km2) according to the extensive transboundary rivers study by the Economic Commission for Europe.[2]

Length estimates for rivers depend on a number of variables:

  • The estimate will be larger when the curves of the river are traced at a smaller scale.
  • The choice of the source obviously has an impact. Here we attempt to list the most distant source. When that involves a tributary nearer the mouth of the river, the length of the nominal river is listed as well, if it meets the above criteria.
  • Rivers flowing into estuaries have an arbitrary lower end. The channel of such a river through an estuary is usually included in the length when it is exposed at low tide.
  • The length of a watercourse through a reservoir or lake is open to interpretation. For this table, when a source for the total length of a river system involving lakes is lacking, the shortest possible course through the lakes is used
  • Over time, a river's length can change through canalization, the creation of reservoirs, and natural changes in the water course.

The catchment areas are more consistent between sources. However, in low relief the watershed is less obvious, while underground connections (especially in karst systems) further complicate area measurements. Unless excellent sources are available, the areas below 70°N latitude are taken from the HydroBASINS project.[3] The River Networks and Ramsar Sites Information Service websites provide convenient interfaces to assess the accuracy of many of the basins. Areas for rivers above 70°N are warned[clarification needed] and found to be less reliable.

The listed multiyear mean discharges are even less reliable than the lengths. Underestimates are most common, as the gauging stations are often far above the mouth, so that only a fraction of the drainage basin is represented. On the other hand, the highest volume of a river may not be at the mouth due to water loss by human usage, diversion (e.g. through distributaries), evaporation, or underground drainage.

Rivers of Europe[edit]

Arctic Ocean Atlantic Ocean North Sea White Sea Baltic Sea Mediterranean Sea Black Sea Caspian Sea
Europe's largest rivers ( over 100 km long, > 10,000 km2 watershed, or > 150 m3/s mean discharge)
º
Rank (of fleuves) River or river system Length
(km)
Basin
(km2)
Flow
(m³/s)
Mouth
Countries
[note 1]
Notes Refs
Length Area Flow
94 82 - Kara ← Bolshoy Kara 289 13400 ? Kara Sea near Ust-Kara Russia [note 2] [4]
86 86 - Korotaikha [de; it; ru] ← Syadej-Yu 310 12700 ? Pechora Sea Russia [note 3] [5]
6 6 3 Pechora 1809 322000 4380 Pechora Sea near Naryan-Mar Russia [6][7]
- - - Sula 353 10400 92 Pechora Russia [8]
- - - Shapkina [de; ru]Lekeyyu [ru] 506 6570 582 Pechora Russia [9]
- - - Tsilma 374 21500 228 Pechora Russia [10]
- - - Pizhma 389 5470 55 Pechora Russia [11]
- - - Izhma 531 31000 317 Pechora near Ust-Izhma Russia [12][13]
- - - Laya [de; no; ru] 332 9530 50 Pechora Russia [14]
- - - Usa 565 93600 1310 Pechora near Usinsk Russia [15]
- - - Kolva 546 18100 165 Usa near Usinsk Russia [16]
- - - Adzva 334 10600 110 Usa Russia [17]
- - - Kosyu [de; nl; ru] 259 14800 122 Usa Russia [18]
- - - Bolshaya Rogovaya [de; no; ru] 311 7290 ? Usa Russia [19]
- - - Shchugor 300 9660 252 Pechora Russia [20]
- - - Ilych 411 16000 177 Pechora Russia [21]
105 98 - VoronyaLake LovozeroKurga [ru] 251 9940 114 Barents Sea Russia [note 4] [22]
84 58 61 TulomaLake NotozeroLutto 320 21140 241 Barents Sea near Murmansk Russia Finland [note 5] [23][2]
73 62 86 PaatsjokiLake InariIvalo 360 18403 157 Barents Sea near Kirkenes Norway Russia Finland [24][25]
70 72 73 Tana/DeatnuKarasjohka 366 16386 197 Barents Sea near Tana Bru Norway Finland [note 6] [2]
- - 74 Jökulsá á Fjöllum 206 7750 183 Arctic Ocean Iceland [26]
- - 32 ÖlfusáHvítá 185 6100 423 Atlantic Ocean near Selfoss Iceland [26][25]
- - 39 Þjórsá 230 7530 370 Atlantic Ocean Iceland [26][25]
- - 65 Kúðafljót 115 2400 250 Atlantic Ocean Iceland [26]
- - 71 Jökulsá á Dal 150 3700 205 Atlantic Ocean Iceland [note 7] [26]
- - - Altaelva 240 8693 101 Norwegian Sea in Alta Norway
- - 78 Målselva ← Rostaelva 145 6144 171 Norwegian Sea in Målselv Norway
- - 70 Vefsna 161 4122 207 Norwegian Sea in Mosjøen Norway
- - 53 Namsen 229 6298 285 Norwegian Sea in Namsos Norway
- - 90 Otra 245 3740 150 North Sea in Kristiansand Norway
99 93 59 SkienNorsjø ← Saua ← HeddalsvatnetTinne - etc. system 273 10815 263 Skagerrak near Porsgrunn Norway
76 - - Numedalslågen 356 5554 111 Skagerrak in Larvik Norway
89 66 49 DrammenselvaTyrifjorden ← Storelva-Ådalselva-Sperillen ← BegnaOtrøelva 310 17113 314 Skagerrak in Drammen Norway
38 37 15 Glomma/Glåma 619 42441 709 Skagerrak in Fredrikstad Norway [2][25]
- - - VormaMjøsaGudbrandsdalslågen 358 17412 330 Glomma at Årnes Norway
29 34 24 Göta älvVänernKlarälven system 756 50229 554 Kattegat in Gothenburg Sweden Norway [27][25]
- - - Klarälven ← Trysilelva ← Femundelva ← Rogen 460 11820 165 Vänern near Karlstad Sweden Norway [note 8]
- - - Ätran 243 3342 53 Kattegat in Falkenberg Sweden
- - - Lagan 232 6452 82 Kattegat near Laholm Sweden
10 12 14 ElbeVltavaTeplá Vltava [cs; de] 1329 148268 860 Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven Germany Czech Republic [note 9] [28][2]
- - - Elbe 1094 148268 860 Wadden Sea near Cuxhaven Germany Czech Republic [note 10] [29][2]
- - - HavelSpree 560 24096 103 Elbe near Havelberg Germany [note 11] [29]
- - - Havel 334 24096 103 Elbe near Havelberg Germany [29]
- - - Spree 382 10110 35 Havel in Berlin-Spandau Germany [29]
- - - Saale 413 24167 117 Elbe in Barby Germany [29]
- - - White Elster 257 5154 26 Saale near Halle (Saale) Germany Czech Republic [29]
- - - MuldeZwickauer Mulde 290 7400 75 Elbe in Dessau Germany [note 12] [29]
- - - Ohře / Eger 316 5588 38 Elbe in Litoměřice Czech Republic Germany [29]
- - - Vltava - Teplá Vltava 431 28101 154 Elbe in Mělník Czech Republic [note 13] [29]
30 35 44 WeserWerra 751 46259 365 Wadden Sea near Bremerhaven Germany [note 14] [30][31]
- - - AllerLeine 346 15721 120 Weser near Verden Germany [note 15] [30]
- - - Aller 260 15721 120 Weser near Verden Germany 211? [30]
- - - Leine 278 6517 62 Aller near Schwarmstedt Germany [30]
- - - Fulda 220 6947 67 Weser in Hannoversch Münden Germany [30]
- - - Werra 300 5497 50 Weser in Hannoversch Münden Germany [30]
69 64 - Ems 371 17802 89 Wadden Sea near Delfzijl Germany Netherlands [note 16] [31][2]
- - - Zwarte WaterVecht/Vechte 201 5741 50 IJsselmeer near Genemuiden Netherlands Germany [note 17] [32]
- - 41 IJsselOude IJssel 188 4533 380 IJsselmeer near Kampen Netherlands Germany [note 18] [33][34]
11 11 6 Rhine 1233 185263 2315 North Sea at Hook of Holland Netherlands Germany France
Austria Liechtenstein Switzerland
[note 19]
- - - Waal 82 ? 1500 Rhine delta in Gorinchem Netherlands [note 20]
- - - Lek 62 ? 429 Rhine delta at Kinderdijk Netherlands [note 20]
- - - LippeAlme 268 4882 46 Rhine in Wesel Germany [note 21] [32]
- - - RuhrNegerRenau 227 4485 82 Rhine in Duisburg Germany [note 22] [32]
- - - MoselleMoselotte 549 28153 320 Rhine in Koblenz Germany Luxembourg France [note 23] [35][2]
- - - Saar 235 7431 78 Moselle near Konz Germany France [35]
- - - Sauer 173 4259 41 Moselle in Wasserbillig Luxembourg Germany Belgium [35]
- - - LahnOhmFelda 251 5925 51 Rhine in Lahnstein Germany [note 24] [32]
- - - MainRegnitz system 583 27208 211 Rhine in Mainz Germany [note 25] [36]
- - - Main 525 27208 211 Rhine in Mainz Germany [note 26] [36]
- - - RegnitzPegnitzFichtenohe 191 7521 57 Main in Bamberg Germany [note 27] [36]
- - - NeckarEschach 380 13934 136 Rhine in Mannheim Germany [37]
- - - Ill 217 4760 54 Rhine near Strasbourg France [38]
- - - Aare 288 17684 559 Rhine in Koblenz Switzerland [39]
- - - LimmatLake ZürichLinth 140 2417 101 Aare in Brugg Switzerland [39]
- - - Reuss 164 3443 140 Aare in Brugg Switzerland [39]
20 40 46 Meuse/Maas 950 34364 357 North Sea near Hellevoetsluis Netherlands Belgium France [note 28] [40][2]
- - - Ourthe 181 3624 55 Meuse in Liège Belgium
- - - Sambre 193 2856 29 Meuse in Namur Belgium France
73 56 - Scheldt 360 21683 129 North Sea near Flushing Netherlands Belgium France [note 29] [41][42][31]
- - - Leie/Lys 202 4305 28 Scheldt in Ghent Belgium France [41]
73 77 - ThamesChurn 360 14292 66 North Sea near Southend-on-Sea United Kingdom [note 30] [43]
- - - Great Ouse 230 8172 39 North Sea in King's Lynn United Kingdom [44]
92 96 - Trent 298 10435 100 Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe United Kingdom [note 31] [45]
- 94 - OuseUre 208 10704 145 Humber Estuary near Scunthorpe United Kingdom [note 32] [46]
- - - Tyne ← North Tyne 118 2936 45 North Sea at South Shields United Kingdom
- - - Tweed 156 4988 90 North Sea in Berwick-upon-Tweed United Kingdom [47][48]
- - 67 Tay 193 6019 220 North Sea near Dundee United Kingdom [note 33] [49]
- - - Spey 173 2944 66 North Sea near Elgin United Kingdom [50]
18 20 12 Mezen 966 78000 890 White Sea (Mezen Bay) near Mezen Russia [51][25]
- - - Pyoza 363 15100 123 Mezen Russia [52][53]
- - - Vashka 605 20500 184 Mezen Russia [54]
78 60 - Kuloy ← Sotka 350 19000 17 White Sea near Dolgoshchelye Russia [note 8] [55]
7 5 4 Northern DvinaVychegda 1803 357052 3330 Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk Russia [note 34] [56][25]
- - - Northern DvinaSukhonaLake KubenskoyeKubena 1685 357052 3330 Dvina Bay in Severodvinsk Russia [note 35] [56][25]
- - - Pinega 779 42600 430 Northern Dvina in Ust-Pinega Russia [57]
- - - - Yula 250 5290 49 Pinega Russia [58]
- - - YemtsaMekhrenga 299 14100 70 Northern Dvina near Bolshaya Gora Russia [note 36] [59]
- - - VagaUstya 736 44800 384 Northern Dvina near Bereznik Russia [note 37] [60]
- - - Vaga 575 44800 384 Northern Dvina near Bereznik Russia [61]
- - - Ustya 477 17500 92 Vaga Russia [62]
- - - Kokshenga 251 5670 36 Ustya Russia [63]
- - - Vychegda 1130 121000 1160 Northern Dvina in Kotlas Russia [64]
- - - Viled 321 5610 43 Vychegda near Koryazhma Russia [65]
- - - Yarenga 281 5140 49 Vychegda Russia [66]
- - - Vym 499 25600 260 Vychegda near Ust-Vym Russia [67]
- - - Yolva [de] 255 3440 31 Vym Russia [68][69]
- - - Sysola 487 17200 105 Vychegda in Syktyvkar Russia [70][71]
- - - Lokchim [de; ru] 272 6600 52 Vychegda Russia [72]
- - - Vishera 247 8780 79 Vychegda Russia [73]
- - - Nem [de; ru] 260 4230 37 Vychegda Russia [74]
- - - Lower YugLuza 609 35600 290 Northern Dvina in Veliky Ustyug Russia [note 38] [75]
- - - Yug 574 35600 290 Northern Dvina in Veliky Ustyug Russia [76][77]
- - - Luza 574 18300 132 Yug Russia [78]
- - - SukhonaLake KubenskoyeKubena 941 50300 438 Northern Dvina in Veliki Ustyug Russia [note 39] [79]
33 28 28 OnegaLake LachaSvidLake VozheVozhega 680 56900 492 Onega Bay at Onega town Russia [note 40] [80][81]
- - - Onega 416 56900 492 Onega Bay at Onega town Russia [82]
- - - Voloshka 260 7100 72 Onega Russia [83]
55 45 58 Lower VygLake VygozeroSegezha [de; ru]-system 436 27100 267 White Sea near Belomorsk Russia [note 41] [84][85]
- - - VygUmba [ru] 315 27100 267 White Sea near Belomorsk Russia [note 42] [86]
- - - Segezha [de; ru]Lake SegozeroVuoloma [de; ru]Talviesdegi [ru] 329 9140 74 Lake Vygozero near Segezha Russia [note 43] [87]
59 44 55 KemČirka-Kem [de; ru] 422 27700 279 White Sea near Kem Russia [note 44] [88]
- - - KemKuyto LakesPista/Pistojoki [de; fi; ru] 399 27700 279 White Sea near Kem Russia Finland [note 45] [89]
82 49 56 KovdaLake TopozeroKarango [ru] 325 26100 276 Kandalaksha Gulf Russia Finland [note 46] [90][91]
- 85 83 Niva 36 12830 164 Kandalaksha Gulf near Kandalaksha Russia [note 47] [92]
104 - - Varzuga 254 9840 79 White Sea Russia [93]
58 74 81 Ponoy 426 15500 167 White Sea Russia [94][95]
96 75 - Motala strömVätternHuskvarnaån system 285 15481 100 Baltic Sea in Norrköping Sweden [27]
91 54 82 NorrströmMälarenKolbäcksån system 307 22650 166 Baltic Sea in Stockholm Sweden [27]
43 43 47 DalälvenÖsterdalälven 542 28954 353 Bothnian Sea near Gävle Sweden Norway [96][25]
- - - Västerdalälven ← Fulan 315 8642 124 Dalälven in Djurås Sweden [96]
52 59 66 Ljusnan 443 19828 226 Bothnian Sea in Söderhamn Sweden [96]
64 84 - Ljungan 399 12851 135 Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall Sweden [96]
57 48 30 Indalsälven 430 26726 448 Bothnian Sea near Sundsvall Sweden [96][25]
48 42 29 Ångerman 463 31864 481 Bothnian Sea near Kramfors Sweden [96][25]
- - - Faxälven 399 9037 152 Ångerman near Sollefteå Sweden [96]
- - - Fjällsjöälven 263 8432 139 Ångerman near Näsåker Sweden [96]
47 47 33 Umeälven 467 26815 435 Bothnian Sea in Umeå Sweden [96][25]
- - - Vindelälven 453 12654 188 Umeälven near Umeå Sweden [96]
53 89 86 Skellefteälven 440 11731 157 Bothnian Bay in Skellefteå Sweden [96]
63 92 89 Piteälven 402 11285 156 Bothnian Bay in Piteå Sweden [96]
49 50 26 Luleälven 461 25240 500 Bothnian Bay in Luleå Sweden [96][25]
- - - Lesser Lule 238 9678 180 Luleälven near Vuollerim Sweden [96]
49 63 52 Kalixälven 461 18130 289 Bothnian Bay in Kalix Sweden [96]
40 38 34 TorneTorneträskAbiskojokk ← Válfojohka 565 40157 430 Bothnian Bay in Tornio Sweden Finland Norway [note 48] [96][2]
- - - MuonioKönkämäenoKilpisjärvi 350 14430 162 Torne near Pajala Sweden Finland Norway [note 49] [96]
- - - Lainioälven ← Rostoeatnu ← Rostojávri ← Ohmátjohka 290 6002 70 Torne near Junosuando Sweden Norway [note 50] [96]
42 33 25 Kemijoki 552 51127 553 Bothnian Bay in Kemi Finland [2][25]
- - - Ounasjoki 300 13968 140 Kemijoki in Rovaniemi Finland [97]
- - - Kitinen 278 11214 ? Kemijoki near Pelkosenniemi Finland
86 78 76 Iijoki 310 14191 174 Bothnian Bay in Ii Finland [note 51]
60 53 60 OulujokiOulujärvi ← Hyrynsalmi system 420 22841 262 Bothnian Bay in Oulu Finland [note 52] [2]
- 46 63 Kokemäenjoki 150 27046 238 Bothnian Sea in Pori Finland [note 53]
41 39 54 KymiLake Päijänne ←←← Koivujärvi sources 554 37159 282 Gulf of Finland in Kotka Finland [note 54]
15 7 5 NevaLake LadogaVolkhov-system 1010 281000 2490 Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg Russia [note 55] [98][25]
- - - Neva 74 281000 2490 Gulf of Finland in Saint Petersburg Russia [98][25]
- - - VuoksiSaimaaPielisjoki-system 806 68501 584 Lake Ladoga at Solovyovo and at Priozersk Russia Finland [note 56] [99][2]
- - - PielisjokiPielinenLieksanjoki ←← Murdoyoki [ru] 390 20000 240 Lake Saimaa in Joensuu Finland Russia [note 57]
- - - SvirLake OnegaVodla-system 678 88200 790 Lake Ladoga near Lodeynoye Pole Russia [note 58] [100]
- - - Oyat 266 5220 52 Svir near Lodeynoye Pole Russia [101]
- - - Shuya 194 10100 130 Lake Onega near Petrozavodsk Russia [102]
- - - Suna 280 7670 66 Lake Onega near Kondopoga Russia [103]
- - - VodlaLake VodlozeroIleksaOlova [ru] 358 13700 130 Lake Onega near Pudozh Russia [note 59] [104]
- - - Syas 260 7330 53 Lake Ladoga in Syasstroy Russia [105]
- - - VolkhovLake IlmenMsta-system 844 80200 580 Lake Ladoga near Volkhov Russia [note 60] [106]
- - - MstaLake MstinoTsna 620 23300 202 Lake Ilmen near Velikiy Novgorod Russia [note 61] [107]
- - - Pola 267 7420 63 Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa Russia [108]
- - - Lovat 530 21900 105 Lake Ilmen near Staraya Russa Russia Belarus [109]
- - - Shelon 248 9710 44 Lake Ilmen near Shimsk Russia [110]
67 83 - LugaOredezh 383 13364 93 Gulf of Finland in Ust-Luga Russia [note 62] [111]
- - - Luga 353 13364 93 Gulf of Finland in Ust-Luga Russia [112]
35 29 37 NarvaLake PeipusVelikaya 647 56229 400 Gulf of Finland near Narva Estonia Russia [2]
- - - Narva 77 56229 400 Gulf of Finland near Narva Estonia Russia [2]
- - - Plyussa 281 6963 50 Narva near Narva Russia [113]
- - - Velikaya 430 25153 134 Lake Peipus near Pskov Russia [114]
- - - EmajõgiVõrtsjärvVäike Emajõgi 218 10039 70 Lake Peipus Estonia [note 63] [115]
- - - Pärnu 144 6887 64 Gulf of Riga in Pärnu Estonia [116]
51 - - Gauja 452 9161 71 Gulf of Riga near Riga Latvia Estonia [2]
14 18 19 Daugava/Western Dvina 1020 85613 640 Gulf of Riga near Riga Latvia Belarus Russia [25]
- - - AiviekstePededze 254 9135 57 Daugava near Pļaviņas Latvia Estonia [note 64] [117]
- - - Mezha 259 9525 61 Daugava near Doroshkino Russia
86 65 - LielupeMēmele/Nemunėlis 310 17504 106 Gulf of Riga near Jūrmala Latvia Lithuania [2]
79 87 - Venta 346 11843 98 Baltic Sea in Ventspils Latvia Lithuania [2]
22 17 20 Neman 914 92523 634 Baltic Sea near Šilutė Lithuania Russia Belarus [2]
- - - Šešupė 298 6194 34 Neman near Neman Lithuania Russia Poland
- - - Nevėžis 209 5947 33 Neman near Raudondvaris Lithuania
- - - Neris/Viliya 510 25254 182 Neman in Kaunas Lithuania Belarus
- - - Šventoji 246 6804 56 Neris in Jonava Lithuania
- - - Shchara 325 6724 31 Neman Belarus
80 79 - PregolyaLava/Łyna 336 14117 90 Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad Russia Poland [note 65] [118]
- - - PregolyaAngrapaGołdapa 310 14117 90 Baltic Sea near Kaliningrad Russia Poland [note 66] [119]
- - - Łyna/Alna/Lava 264 7020 40 Pregolya in Znamensk Russia Poland [note 67] [120][121]
12 9 10 VistulaBugonarewWestern Bug 1211 192632 1080 Baltic Sea near Gdańsk Poland Belarus Ukraine [note 68] [122][2][25]
- - - Vistula 1047 192632 1080 Baltic Sea near Gdańsk Poland [note 69] [122][2][25]
- - - BugonarewWestern Bug 810 74714 328 Vistula in Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki Poland Belarus Ukraine [note 70]
- - - Wkra 249 5322 20 Bugonarew near Nowy Dwór Mazowiecki Poland [123]
- - - Narew 446 28645 146 Bugonarew near Serock Poland [note 71] [124]
- - - Western Bug 772 38676 158 Bugonarew near Serock Poland Belarus Ukraine [125]
- - - Pilica 319 9138 46 Vistula near Warka Poland [126]
- - - Wieprz 303 10256 43 Vistula in Dęblin Poland [127]
- - - San 443 16769 126 Vistula near Sandomierz Poland Ukraine [128]
- - - Dunajec 247 6802 85 Vistula in Opatowiec Poland Slovakia [129][2]
13 13 22 OderWarta 1045 118791 574 Baltic Sea in Świnoujście Germany Poland [note 72] [130][2]
- - - Oder 854 118791 574 Baltic Sea in Świnoujście Germany Poland Czech Republic [note 73] [2][25]
- - - Warta 808 55538 195 Oder in Kostrzyn nad Odrą Poland [130]
- - - Noteć 388 17159 76 Warta in Santok Poland [131]
- - - Lusatian Neisse 255 4403 31 Oder in Neißemünde Germany Poland Czech Republic [132]
- - - Bóbr 272 5943 39 Oder in Krosno Odrzańskie Poland Czech Republic [133]
- - - Clyde 176 3045 83 North Channel near Glasgow United Kingdom [134]
- - - Lower BannLough NeaghUlster Blackwater 186 5775 92 North Channel in Coleraine United Kingdom Republic of Ireland [31]
101 88 69 Shannon 258 11773 208 Shannon Estuary near Limerick Republic of Ireland [note 74] [31]
- - 86 The Three Sisters 192 9207 157 Celtic Sea near Waterford Republic of Ireland [note 75] [135][31]
- - - MerseyTame 160 4312 66 Irish Sea near Liverpool United Kingdom [note 76] [136]
- - - Wye 215 4136 80 Severn Estuary near Chepstow United Kingdom [137]
77 91 - Severn 354 11420 120 Bristol Channel near Weston-super-Mare United Kingdom [138]
- - - Somme 245 6548 37 English Channel near Abbeville France [31][41]
26 21 23 SeineMarne 875 75374 560 English Channel in Le Havre France [note 77] [139]
- - - Seine 777 75374 560 English Channel in Le Havre France [note 78]} [139]
- - - Eure 229 6017 26 Seine in Pont-de-l'Arche France [140]
- - - OiseAisneAire 454 16783 110 Seine in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine France [note 79]
- - - Oise 341 16783 110 Seine in Conflans-Sainte-Honorine France Belgium [141]
- - - Aisne 356 7939 65 Oise in Compiègne France [142]
- - - Marne 514 12783 110 Seine in Ivry-sur-Seine France [143]
- - - Yonne 292 10836 93 Seine in Montereau-Fault-Yonne France [144]
- - - Aube 249 4595 41 Seine near Romilly-sur-Seine France [145]
- 95 - Vilaine 218 10459 72 Bay of Biscay in Pénestin France [146]
17 14 13 Loire 1006 117356 889 Bay of Biscay in Saint-Nazaire France [147][148]
- - - MaineSartheLoir 338 22240 127 Loire near Angers France [note 80] [149]
- - - Mayenne 202 5844 50 Maine near Angers France [150]
- - - Sarthe 314 16250 82 Maine near Angers France [151]
- - - Loir 317 8294 32 Sarthe near Angers France [152]
- - - Vienne 363 21161 210 Loire in Candes-Saint-Martin France [153]
- - - Creuse 264 10279 85 Vienne near Châtellerault France [154]
- - - Indre 279 3428 19 Loire near Candes-Saint-Martin France [155]
- - - Cher 368 13718 96 Loire in Villandry France [156]
- - - Allier 421 14350 144 Loire near Nevers France [157]
68 99 - Charente 381 9855 49 Bay of Biscay near Rochefort France [158]
46 52 41 Dordogne 483 23957 380 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux France [159]
- - - Isle 255 7558 63 Dordogne in Libourne France [160]
- - - Vézère 211 3715 58 Dordogne near Le Bugue France [161]
39 30 17 GaronneTarn 610 55846 650 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux France [note 81] [162]
- - - Garonne 575 55846 650 Gironde estuary near Bordeaux France Spain [note 82] [162]
- - - Lot 485 11538 155 Garonne near Aiguillon France [163]
- - - Tarn 380 15586 233 Garonne near Castelsarrasin France [164]
- - - Aveyron 291 5176 57 Tarn near Montauban France [165]
- - - Ariège 163 4135 76 Garonne in Toulouse France [166]
89 67 45 Adour 308 16912 360 Bay of Biscay in Bayonne France [167][25]
- - - Gaves réunisGave de Pau 193 5464 82 Adour near Peyrehorade France [168]
71 70 48 MinhoSil 361 16651 340 Atlantic Ocean near Caminha Portugal Spain [note 83] [2]
- - - Minho 309 16651 340 Atlantic Ocean near Caminha Portugal Spain [2]
- - - Sil 226 7969 100 Minho near Ourense Spain
25 16 17 Douro 897 97290 650 Atlantic Ocean in Porto Portugal Spain [2][25]
- - - Tormes 247 7054 42 Douro near Bemposta [de; pt] / Villarino Spain
- - - Esla 275 16018 182 Douro near Muelas del Pan Spain
- - - Pisuerga 276 15665 82 Douro near Valladolid Spain
- - - Mondego 234 6656 108 Atlantic Ocean in Figueira da Foz Portugal
16 24 26 Tagus 1007 70756 500 Atlantic Ocean near Lisbon Portugal Spain [note 84] [169][2][25]
- - - Jarama 194 11532 32 Tagus in Aranjuez Spain
- - - Sado 180 6186 40 Atlantic Ocean in Setúbal Portugal
21 25 - Guadiana (← Cigüela) ← Záncara 922 67027 79 Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte Portugal Spain [note 85] [170][2]
- - - GuadianaGuadiana Alto [es]. 852 67027 79 Gulf of Cadiz near Ayamonte Portugal Spain [note 86] [170][2]
31 27 83 GuadalquivirGuadiana Menor [es; fr]Guardal [es; fr] 722 57053 164 Gulf of Cadiz in Sanlúcar de Barrameda Spain [note 87] [171]
- - - Genil 358 8257 9.3 Guadalquivir in Palma del Río Spain
82 71 - Segura 325 16599 26 Mediterranean Sea in Guardamar del Segura Spain
45 57 - Júcar 498 21430 49 Balearic Sea in Cullera Spain
98 - - Turia 280 6674 14 Balearic Sea in Valencia Spain
23 19 21 Ebro 910 84763 577 Balearic Sea near Tortosa Spain [25]
- - - Segre 265 22719 100 Ebro in Mequinenza Spain
- - - Cinca 170 9720 82 Segre near Mequinenza Spain
- - - JalónJiloca 224 9658 21 Ebro near Torres de Berrellén Spain
- - - Aragón 195 8529 41 Ebro near Tudela Spain
- - - Llobregat 170 4948 21 Balearic Sea near Barcelona Spain
- - - Aude 224 5327 44 Gulf of Lion near Narbonne France [172]
19 15 7 RhôneSaôneDoubs 957 98131 1900 Gulf of Lion in Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône France Switzerland [note 88] [173][25]
- - - Rhône 812 98131 1900 Gulf of Lion in Port-Saint-Louis-du-Rhône France Switzerland [174][25]
- - - Durance 323 14342 180 Rhône in Avignon France [175]
- - - Isère 286 11890 333 Rhône near Valence France [176]
- - - Saône 480 29321 473 Rhône in Lyon France [177]
- - - Doubs 453 7874 176 Saône in Verdun-sur-le-Doubs France Switzerland [178]
- - - Ain 190 3765 123 Rhône near Pont-de-Chéruy France [179]
- - - Arno 241 8852 110 Ligurian Sea near Pisa Italy [note 89]
62 69 62 Tiber 405 16668 239 Tyrrhenian Sea in Ostia Italy
- - - Nera 116 4163 168 Tiber near Orte Italy
- - - GariglianoLiri 158 4059 120 Tyrrhenian Sea near Minturno Italy
- - - Volturno 175 5784 82 Tyrrhenian Sea in Castel Volturno Italy
- - - Reno 212 5615 95 Adriatic Sea near Comacchio Italy
32 22 9 PoTanaro 702 73746 1460 Adriatic Sea near Porto Tolle Italy [note 90] [25]
- - - Po 652 73746 1460 Adriatic Sea near Porto Tolle Italy [180][25]
- - - MincioLake GardaSarca 203 2977 60 Po near Mantua Italy
- - - OglioLake Iseo ← Oglio 280 6598 130 Po near Mantua Italy
- - - AddaLake Como ← Adda 313 7842 187 Po in Cremona Italy
- - - TicinoLake Maggiore ← Ticino 248 8061 348 Po in Pavia Italy Switzerland
- - - TanaroNegrone 285 8182 116 Po near Alessandria Italy [note 91]
- - - Dora Baltea 168 3921 96 Po in Crescentino Italy
- - 68 Tartaro-Canalbianco-Po di Levante 147 2885 218 Adriatic Sea near Porto Viro Italy
55 76 64 AdigeEisackRienzAhr 436 14543 235 Adriatic Sea near Chioggia Italy [note 92] [181]
- - - Adige ← Etsch ← Karlinbach 421 14543 235 Adriatic Sea near Chioggia Italy [note 93] [181]
- - - Brenta 174 4811 93 Adriatic Sea near Chioggia Italy
- - - Piave 231 4420 137 Adriatic Sea near Venice Italy
- - - Tagliamento 170 2939 92 Adriatic Sea near Lignano Italy
- - 77 Isonzo/Soča 138 3327 173 Adriatic Sea near Monfalcone Italy Slovenia [2]
- 97 43 Neretva 240 10380 378 Adriatic Sea near Ploče Croatia Bosnia and Herzegovina [2][25]
- - - Trebišnjica 187 4926 114 Neretva in Neum Bosnia and Herzegovina [note 94]
66 61 16 Bojana/BunaDrin 384 18620 672 Adriatic Sea near Ulcinj Albania Montenegro Kosovo
North Macedonia
[note 95] [182]
- - - DrinBlack DrinSateska 343 14351 352 Bojana near Lezhë Albania North Macedonia [note 96] [2]
- - - White Drin 136 5005 66 Drin in Kukës Albania Kosovo [2]
- - - Morača 100 2820 156 Lake Skadar (Bojana) near Žabljak Crnojevića Montenegro [183]
- - - Shkumbin 181 2922 62 Adriatic Sea near Lushnjë Albania [182]
97 - - SemanDevoll 281 6124 96 Adriatic Sea near Fier Albania [182]
100 - 72 Aoös/Vjosë 272 6777 204 Adriatic Sea near Vlorë Albania Greece [2]
- - - Achelous 220 5662 137 Ionian Sea near Astakos Greece
- - - Pineios (Thessaly) 216 9301 81 Aegean Sea near Larissa Greece
93 - - Haliacmon 297 8664 80 Aegean Sea near Thessaloniki Greece
65 51 79 Vardar/AxiosTreska 393 24503 170 Aegean Sea near Thessaloniki Greece North Macedonia [note 97] [2]
- - - Vardar/Axios 388 24503 170 Aegean Sea near Thessaloniki Greece North Macedonia [2]
61 68 - Struma/Strymon 415 16801 76 Thracian Sea in Amphipolis Greece Bulgaria [2]
- - - Nestos/Mesta 243 5864 45 Thracian Sea near Thasos Greece Bulgaria [2]
44 31 40 Maritsa/Meriç/Evros 515 53475 383 Thracian Sea near Alexandroupoli Greece Turkey Bulgaria [2]
- - - Ergene 281 11016 28 Maritsa near İpsala Turkey [note 98] [2][184][185]
- - - Tundzha 380 8583 32 Maritsa in Edirne Turkey Bulgaria
- - - Arda 290 5623 77 Maritsa near Edirne Greece Bulgaria
- - - Veleka 147 995 9.4 Black Sea near Sinemorets Bulgaria Turkey
104 - - KamchiyaLuda Kamchiya 254 5373 26 Black Sea near Varna Bulgaria [186]
2 2 2 Danube 2857 801463 6450 Black Sea near Sulina Romania Ukraine Moldova
Bulgaria Serbia Croatia
Hungary Slovakia Austria
Germany
[note 99] [2][25]
- - - Prut 953 27820 105 Danube at Giurgiulești Moldova Romania Ukraine [note 100] [187][2]
- - - Jijia 275 5757 14 Prut near Huși Romania Ukraine
- - - Siret 559 45857 240 Danube in Galați Romania Ukraine [note 101] [2]
- - - Buzău 325 5537 29 Siret near Galați Romania
- - - Bistrița 283 7018 66 Siret near Bacău Romania
- - - Ialomița 417 11116 40 Danube near Hârșova Romania
- - - Argeș 350 12652 73 Danube in Oltenița Romania
- - - Dâmbovița 245 2837 26 Argeș near Budești Romania [note 102] [188]
- - - Yantra 285 7897 47 Danube near Svishtov Bulgaria
- - - Osam 314 2866 16 Danube near Nikopol Bulgaria
- - - Olt 615 24130 174 Danube near Turnu Măgurele Romania
- - - Iskar 368 8511 54 Danube near Gigen Bulgaria
- - - Jiu 339 10157 86 Danube near Bechet Romania
- - - Great MoravaWest MoravaIbar 550 37709 232 Danube near Smederevo Serbia [note 103] [2]
- - - South Morava 295 15550 100 Great Morava near Kruševac Serbia Kosovo
- - - West Morava 308 15710 120 Great Morava near Kruševac Serbia
- - - Ibar 276 7914 60 West Morava in Kraljevo Serbia Kosovo Montenegro
- - - Timiš/Tamis 359 10495 47 Danube in Pančevo Serbia Romania
- - - SavaSava Dolinka 945 94613 1609 Danube in Belgrade Serbia Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia
Slovenia
[note 104] [2][189][190]
- - - DrinaTara 486 19650 370 Sava near Bijeljina Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia Montenegro [note 105] [191][190]
- - - Lim 220 6797 96 Drina near Višegrad Bosnia and Herzegovina Serbia Montenegro [192]
- - - Bosna 271 10490 174 Sava in Bosanski Šamac Bosnia and Herzegovina [2][191]
- - - Vrbas 235 6501 132 Sava in Srbac Bosnia and Herzegovina [191]
- - - Una 214 9657 220 Sava in Jasenovac Bosnia and Herzegovina Croatia [note 106] [2][190]
- - - Kupa/Kolpa 297 10194 201 Sava in Sisak Croatia Slovenia [2]
- - - TiszaSomeș 1111 154073 863 Danube near Titel Serbia Hungary Romania [note 107] [2]
- - - Tisza 966 154073 863 Danube near Titel Serbia Hungary Romania
Ukraine
[note 108] [2]
- - - Bega 256 6250 13 Tisza near Titel Serbia Romania
- - - Mureș/Maros 789 30190 190 Tisza in Szeged Hungary Romania [note 109] [2]
- - - TârnavaTârnava Mare 249 6236 15 Mureș near Teiuș Romania
- - - KörösCrișul Alb 365 27123 100 Tisza near Csongrád Hungary Romania
- - - Sajó / SlanáHornád 314 12870 70 Tisza in Tiszaújváros Hungary Slovakia [note 110]
- - - Hernád / Hornád 286 5414 31 Sajó near Miskolc Hungary Slovakia
- - - BodrogLatorica 255 13579 115 Tisza in Tokaj Hungary Slovakia Ukraine [note 111] [2]
- - - Szamos / Someș 415 16046 132 Tisza near Vásárosnamény Hungary Romania [2]
- - - Drava/DrauIselSchwarzach [de; it] 728 40154 577 Danube near Osijek Croatia Hungary Slovenia
Austria
[note 112] [193]
- - - Mur 453 14108 166 Drava near Legrad Croatia Hungary Slovenia
Austria
[193][194][190]
- - - SióLake BalatonZala system 330 14890 39 Danube near Szekszárd Hungary [note 113]
- - - Hron 298 5441 54 Danube near Esztergom Slovakia
- - - Váh 398 19484 194 Danube in Komárno Slovakia [2]
- - - Rába/Raab 311 10401 80 Danube near Győr Hungary Austria [194][2]
- - - LeithaSchwarza 258 2138 8.2 Danube near Mosonmagyaróvár Hungary Austria [note 114] [194]
- - - MoravaThayaAustrian Thaya 402 26734 110 Danube in Bratislava-Devin Austria Slovakia Czech Republic [note 115] [194][2]
- - - Morava 352 26734 110 Danube in Bratislava-Devin Austria Slovakia Czech Republic [194][2]
- - - ThayaAustrian Thaya 311 13419 44 Morava near Hohenau Austria Czech Republic [note 116] [194]
- - - Enns 254 6084 200 Danube in Enns Austria [194]
- - - Traun 153 4277 150 Danube in Linz Austria [194]
- - - Inn ← Aua da Fedoz 522 26053 735 Danube in Passau Germany Austria