Never promise to renounce the use of force

"Never promise to renounce the use of force" (Chinese: 不承诺放弃使用武力) a political term and basic idea used by the government of the People's Republic of China in relation to its policy of unifying Taiwan and resolving the Taiwan issue.

Since the 1980s, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and the government of the PRC have adopted "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems" as the basic policy for resolving the Taiwan issue. At the same time, they have insisted on never renouncing the use of force to unify Taiwan in order to prevent interference from external forces.

History

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In the 1980s, Chinese leader Deng Xiaoping proposed the "one country, two systems" approach to solving the Taiwan issue. Since then, "peaceful reunification and one country, two systems" has been the basic policy of the Government of the People's Republic of China.[1] At the same time, Deng pointed out that the Government of the People's Republic of China could not promise not to use force to solve the Taiwan issue, nor could it easily use force.[2]: 11–13  In September 1993, the Government of the People's Republic of China issued its first White Paper on the Taiwan Question. The third paragraph of "Basic Policy of the Chinese Government on Solving the Taiwan Issue mentioned that "peaceful reunification is the established policy of the Chinese government. However, every sovereign state has the right to take all means it deems necessary, including military means, to safeguard its sovereignty and territorial integrity. The Chinese government is under no obligation to make any commitment to any foreign country or person seeking to split China on the way it handles its internal affairs."[3]: 17 

On January 30, 1995, Jiang Zemin, then General Secretary of the CCP Central Committee, delivered a speech, namely Jiang's Eight Points. The fourth point was: "We will strive to achieve peaceful reunification. Chinese people should not fight against Chinese people. We do not promise to renounce the use of force. This is not directed against our compatriots in Taiwan, but against foreign forces interfering in China's reunification and seeking 'Taiwan independence'".[3]: 17 [4] In March 2000, Premier Zhu Rongji made the same statement: "We have never promised to renounce the use of force, but it is not directed against the people of Taiwan" but "against foreign interference and separatist forces on the island of Taiwan seeking "Taiwan independence"."[5] In 2001, Jiang Zemin delivered a speech at the celebration of the 80th anniversary of the founding of the Chinese Communist Party, stating that "we have the greatest sincerity in striving to achieve peaceful reunification, but we cannot promise to renounce the use of force."[6]

During his tenure as General Secretary of the CCP Central Committee, Xi Jinping repeatedly reiterated that he would never renounce the use of force. The third of Xi's Five Points, published in 2019, states, “We do not renounce the use of force and reserve the option of taking all necessary measures. This is aimed at external interference and a very small number of ‘Taiwan independence’ separatists and their separatist activities, and is not aimed at our compatriots in Taiwan.”[7] On October 16, 2022, Xi Jinping made the same statement during his report at the opening session of the 20th CCP National Congress.  Officials of the People’s Republic of China have also used this statement.[8]

Reactions

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People's Republic of China

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Some researchers regard it as the sovereign right of the People's Republic of China a deterrent policy in the Taiwan policy.[3]: 17  They believe that the reason why the government of the Republic of China and "the 'Taiwan independence' forces dare not openly and formally declare independence " is due to the influence of this deterrent.[9]: 28–29 

Republic of China

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On October 16, 2022, Xi Jinping reiterated his commitment to peaceful reunification and his refusal to renounce the use of force in his speech at the opening meeting of the 20th CCP National Congress. In an interview with the media, then Premier Su Tseng-chang said that the universal values ​​of the world are to respect each other, tolerate diversity, and communicate peacefully. No one who advocates the use of force can dominate the world. He also cited the Russian invasion of Ukraine, which later evolved into a situation where Russian youth fled and Ukrainian refugees cried. He believed that force is the worst. China has always talked about force and kept it in mind to deal with Taiwan. [......] Xi Jinping should pay attention to the smoke and protest banners on the Sitong Bridge in Beijing, China, instead of always thinking about using force against Taiwan. Taiwan is ruled by the Taiwanese people themselves, and its future is also decided by the Taiwanese people themselves.[10] The Mainland Affairs Council held a press conference on October 27 and released its regular poll from October 19 to 23.[11] In this poll, regarding Xi Jinping's Taiwan-related propositions in his October 16 report, 85.6% of respondents strongly opposed his statement that he would not renounce the use of force, and 91.6% of respondents disagreed with the CCP's use of force to threaten Taiwan.[12]

References

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  1. ^ "国台办：全面贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略". 中共中央台湾工作办公室、国务院台湾事务办公室网站 (in Simplified Chinese). 2022-10-26. Archived from the original on 2022-10-31. Retrieved 2023-01-13. 在10月26日国台办例行新闻发布会上，有记者提问，党的二十大报告强调坚持贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略，请发言人予以解读。国台办发言人马晓光应询表示，党的十八大以来，习近平总书记统[……]坚持"和平统一、一国两制"基本方针，坚持一个中国原则和"九二共识"，坚持推动两岸关系和平发展、融合发展，坚持团结台湾同胞、争取台湾民心，坚持粉碎"台独"分裂图谋，坚持反对外部势力干涉，坚持决不承诺放弃使用武力。
  2. ^ 白纯 (2001). "《邓小平关于不承诺放弃使用武力解决台湾问题的战略考虑》". 台湾研究 (in Simplified Chinese) (2001年第1期). 北京市: 中国社会科学院台湾研究所: 11–16. ISSN 1006-6683. Archived from the original on 2023-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-13.
  3. ^ a b c 戚兴元 (2003). "《"不承诺放弃使用武力"的主权思考》". 福建社科情报 (in Simplified Chinese) (2003年第5期). 福建省福州市: 福建社科院文献信息中心、福建省社会科学信息学会: 17–18. 索书号：C1/8 9962-B
  4. ^ 责编：石希 (ed.). "解决台湾问题的八项主张". 中国共产党新闻网，来源：中共中央统战部网站 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-13. 根据台湾政局和两岸关系的新变化以及国际形势发展变化的新特点，江泽民于1995年1月30日发表了《为促进祖国统一大业的完成而继续奋斗》的讲话[……](4)努力实现和平统一，中国人不打中国人。我们不承诺放弃使用武力，决不是针对台湾同胞，而是针对外国势力干涉中国统一和搞"台湾独立"的图谋的。(5)[……]
  5. ^ "九届人大三次会议举行记者招待会 朱镕基总理会见中外记者回答记者提问（2000年3月15日）". 中国政府网 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 2022-08-04. Retrieved 2023-01-13. 美国有线新闻网记者：现在外国人不太理解的是，中国政府表明如果台湾无限期或者拒不同意同中国大陆就实现和平统一来恢复谈判的话，中国大陆方面就要对台湾动武。但是，很多人觉得，中国方面如果说要对台湾动武的话，可能就会促使很多台湾的人希望能够实现同中国大陆的统一，他们觉得好像看不出这方面的逻辑。这是不是就像有的人和他的夫人离婚的话就威胁她说，如果你不回来同我团聚，再同我重续前缘的话，我就把你杀掉。您觉得这中间有什么逻辑呢？答：关于台湾问题我已经没有更多的话要说。你讲的这个例子很风趣，但是跟我的讲话风马牛。因为，我们一贯地讲清楚了，我们从来不承诺放弃使用武力，但并不是针对台湾人民，我们是针对外国的干涉势力和台湾岛内搞"台独"的分裂势力的。
  6. ^ "江泽民在庆祝中国共产党成立八十周年大会上的讲话（全文）". 央社网 (in Simplified Chinese). 2002-09-05. Archived from the original on 2023-01-14. Retrieved 2023-01-12. 同志们，朋友们！中国共产党从成立以来始终高举爱国主义的伟大旗帜[……]我们按照"和平统一、一国两制"方针，成功地解决了历史遗留下来的香港问题、澳门问题，正在为早日解决台湾问题、完成祖国统一大业而积极努力。台湾作为中国一部分的地位，绝不允许改变。中国共产党人维护国家主权和领土完整的立场是坚定不移的。我们有最大的诚意努力实现和平统一，但不能承诺放弃使用武力，我们完全有能力制止任何"台独"分裂图谋[……]
  7. ^ 责编：徐婵、胡永秋, ed. (2022-10-16). "习近平：解决台湾问题是中国人自己的事 要由中国人来决定". 中国共产党新闻网 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-13. 中国共产党第二十次全国代表大会16日上午在北京人民大会堂开幕。习近平代表第十九届中央委员会向大会作报告。习近平：坚持贯彻新时代党解决台湾问题的总体方略[……]我们坚持以最大诚意、尽最大努力争取和平统一的前景，但决不承诺放弃使用武力，保留采取一切必要措施的选项，这针对的是外部势力干涉和极少数"台独"分裂分子及其分裂活动，绝非针对广大台湾同胞。国家统一[……]
  8. ^ 责任编辑：吴怡, ed. (2021-11-15). "驻美大使秦刚：台湾除统一没其它前途 加倍推动两岸融合但绝不承诺放弃武力". 中国台湾网 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-13. 11月13日，全美中国和平统一促进会联合会2021年年会在旧金山召开，中国驻美大使秦刚以视频方式致贺[……]秦刚在致辞中表示，当前[……]我们加倍努力推动两岸融合发展，但绝不承诺放弃使用武力，保留采取一切必要措施的选项。[……]
  9. ^ 李鹏 (2002). "《"不承诺放弃使用武力"与"和平统一"的辩证分析 》". 广东省社会主义学院学报 (in Simplified Chinese) (2002年第2期). 广东省广州市: 广东省社会主义学院: 28–30. ISSN 1671-6949.
  10. ^ 記者：黃麗芸 (2022-10-16). 張銘坤 (ed.). "習近平不承諾放棄武力 蘇貞昌：台灣主權獨立". 中央社网站 (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-13.
  11. ^ 記者：廖士鋒 (2022-10-27). 張銘坤 (ed.). "中共不承諾放棄使用武力 陸委會民調：近九成民眾反對". 联合新闻网 (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on 2023-01-18. Retrieved 2023-01-13.
  12. ^ "臺灣民意支持政府「四個堅持、四大韌性」立場，堅決反對中共對臺政治主張及武力脅迫行徑". 中华民国大陆委员会网站 (in Traditional Chinese). 陸委會新聞稿編號第027號. 2022-10-27. Archived from the original on 2023-01-13. Retrieved 2023-01-13.
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