Thornycroft type destroyer leader

HMS Keppel
Class overview
BuildersThornycroft
Operators Royal Navy
Preceded byAdmiralty V-class leader
Succeeded byAdmiralty type leader
Built1916–1925
In commission1917–1945
Planned7
Completed5
Cancelled2
Lost1
General characteristics
TypeDestroyer leader
Displacement
  • 1,480 tons standard
  • 2,009 tons full load
Length329 ft (100 m) o/a
Beam31 ft 6 in (9.60 m)
Draught12 ft 6 in (3.81 m)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 38 kn (70 km/h) (trials)
  • 36 kn (67 km/h) (service)
Range500 tons oil
Complement164
Armament

The Thornycroft type leader or Shakespeare class were a class of five destroyer leaders designed by John I. Thornycroft & Company and built by them at Woolston, Southampton for the Royal Navy towards the end of World War I. They were named after historical naval leaders. Only Shakespeare and Spenser were completed in time for wartime service. The other three were completed after the war, Broke and Keppel after being towed to Royal dockyards for completion, and two further ships - Saunders and Spragge - were cancelled. The function of a leader was to carry the flag staff of a destroyer flotilla, therefore they were enlarged to carry additional crew, offices and signalling equipment, allowing a fifth gun to be carried. These ships were very similar to the Admiralty type leader, but had Thornycroft design characteristics, the most noticeable being the broad, slab-sided funnels.

The design was used as the basis for several ships built for foreign navies in the 1920s.

Ships

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The first two ships to this design were ordered under the War Emergency Programme, in April 1916:

  • HMS Shakespeare; laid down 2 October 1916, launched 7 July 1917 and completed 10 October 1917. Badly damaged by mine in June 1918, sold for breaking up and handed over 2 September 1936.
  • HMS Spenser; laid down 9 October 1916, launched 22 September 1917 and completed 12 December 1917. Saw wartime service, sold for breaking up and handed over 29 September 1936.

A third was ordered in April 1917:

Four more were ordered from Thornycroft in April 1918, but with the end of the War the first pair were completed by HM Dockyards and the second pair were cancelled; the second ship was initially named Rooke, but was renamed Broke in April 1921:

Two more vessels were ordered at the same time, to be built to this design by Cammell Laird, but it was subsequently decided to build these instead to the Admiralty type flotilla leader design and in the event both were subsequently cancelled:

See also

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Media related to Shakespeare class flotilla leader at Wikimedia Commons

References

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  • Cocker, Maurice Destroyers of the Royal Navy, 1893-1981, 1983, Ian Allan ISBN 0-7110-1075-7
  • Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships, 1922-1946, Ed. Robert Gardiner, Naval Institute Press, ISBN 0-87021-913-8
  • M. J. Whitley Destroyers of World War II, An International Encyclopedia, Arms and Armour Press, 1988, ISBN 1-85409-521-8