Richard Smalley

Richard Errett Smalley
Premio Nobel per la chimica 1996

Richard Errett Smalley (Akron, 6 giugno 1943 – Houston, 28 ottobre 2005) è stato un chimico statunitense, professore di chimica all'Università Rice.

È stato premiato con il Premio Nobel per la chimica nel 1996 per la scoperta del fullerene insieme a Robert Curl, anch'egli professore di chimica alla Rice, e a Harold Kroto, professore all'Università del Sussex.

Frequentò l'Hope College prima di trasferirsi all'Università del Michigan dove ricevette il suo B.S. nel 1965. Ricevette il suo Ph.D. dall'Università di Princeton nel 1973.

Ha lavorato sui nanotubi di carbonio e le tecnologie associate.

Smalley morì ad appena 62 anni di leucemia. Il Senato degli U.S.A. l'ha onorato proclamandolo "Father of Nanotechnology".

Vita personale[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Smalley è stato sposato quattro volte, con Judith Grazia Sampieri (1968-1978), Mary L. Chapieski (1980-1994), Jonell M. Chauvin (1997-1998) e Deborah Sheffield (2005), e ha avuto due figli, Chad Richard Smalley (nato l'8 giugno 1969) e Preston Reed Smalley (nato l'8 agosto 1997).^[1]

Opinioni religiose[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Smalley, che aveva preso lezioni di religione e scienza presso l'Hope College, ha riabbracciato la sua fede cristiana in età avanzata, in particolare durante i suoi ultimi anni.^[2] Durante l'ultimo anno della sua vita, Smalley ha scritto: "Anche se ho il sospetto che non sarò mai completamente in grado di capire, ora so che la risposta è molto semplice: È vero: Dio ha creato l'universo circa 13,7 miliardi di anni fa, e da allora è coinvolto nella sua creazione".^[2]

Negli ultimi anni della sua vita Smalley si avvicinò al creazionismo.^[3] L'astronomo Hugh Ross, sostenitori del "Creazionismo della Terra vecchia", ha tenuto un discorso al suo funerale, il 2 novembre 2005.^[4]

Pubblicazioni[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Smalley, R.E. "Supersonic bare metal cluster beams. Final report", Rice University, United States Department of Energy—Office of Energy Research, (Oct. 14, 1997).
Smalley, R.E. "Supersonic Bare Metal Cluster Beams. Technical Progress Report, March 16, 1984 - April 1, 1985", Rice University, United States Department of Energy—Office of Basic Energy Sciences, (Jan. 1, 1985).

Onorificenze[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Fellowship[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Harold W. Dodds Fellow, Princeton University, 1973
Alfred P. Sloan Fellow, 1978–1980
Fellow of the American Physical Society, 1987
Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2003

Premi e riconoscimenti[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Irving Langmuir Prize in Chemical Physics, American Physical Society, 1991
Popular Science Magazine Grand Award in Science & Technology, 1991
APS International Prize for New Materials, 1992 (Joint with R. F. Curl & H. W. Kroto)
Ernest O. Lawrence Memorial Award, U.S. Department of Energy, 1992
Welch Award in Chemistry, Robert A. Welch Foundation, 1992
Auburn-G.M. Kosolapoff Award, Auburn Section, American Chemical Society, 1992
Southwest Regional Award, American Chemical Society, 1992
William H. Nichols Medal, New York Section, American Chemical Society, 1993
The John Scott Award, City of Philadelphia, 1993
Hewlett-Packard Europhysics Prize, European Physical Society, 1994 (with Wolfgang Kraetschmer, Don Huffman and Harold Kroto)
Harrison Howe Award, Rochester Section, American Chemical Society, 1994
Madison Marshall Award, North Alabama Section, American Chemical Society, 1995
Franklin Medal, The Franklin Institute, 1996^[5]
Premio Nobel per la chimica, Accademia reale svedese delle scienze, 1996
Rice University Homecoming Queen, Rice University Undergraduates, 1996^[6]
Distinguished Civilian Public Service Award, Department of the Navy, 1997
American Carbon Society Medal, 1997
Top 75 Distinguished Contributors, Chemical & Engineering News, 1998
Lifetime Achievement Award, Small Times Magazine, 2003
Glenn T. Seaborg Medal, University of California at Los Angeles, 2002
Distinguished Alumni Award, Hope College, 2005
50th Anniversary Visionary Award, SPIE – International Society for Optical Engineering, 2005
National Historic Chemical Landmark, American Chemical Society, 2010^[7]
Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award, Division of History of Chemistry, American Chemical Society, 2015^[8]^[9]

Note[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

^ RICHARD E. SMALLEY Curriculum Vitae, su Rice University. URL consultato il 18 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 30 ottobre 2021).
^ ^a ^b Ricahrd Smalley, Remarks by Richard Smalley at 2005 Alumni Banquet, su hope.edu, 29 ottobre 2005. URL consultato il 12 maggio 2016.
«"My short two years at Hope starting as a freshman in 1961 were immensely important to me. I went to chapel, studied religion, and attended church more than I had ever done before, and was with people who took to these issues seriously. I valued that greatly back then. Recently I have gone back to church regularly with a new focus to understand as best I can what it is that makes Christianity so vital and powerful in the lives of billions of people today, even though almost 2000 years have passed since the death and resurrection of Christ. "»
^ Scholarship Convocation Speaker Challenges Scholars to Serve the Greater Good, su Tuskegee University, 18 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 febbraio 2017).
^ Funeral Service for Professor Richard Smalley - Speakers: James Tour, Hugh Ross and Ben Young, 2005-11-02, mp3 audio
^ Richard E. Smalley, su Franklin Institute. URL consultato il 19 luglio 2016.
^ Adnaan Wasey, Nobelist in chemistry for co-discovering fullerenes, Rice University Homecoming Queen, in SEEDMAGAZINE.COM, 18 luglio 2016. URL consultato il 18 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 12 settembre 2017).
^ Discovery of Fullerenes National Historic Chemical Landmark, su American Chemical Society. URL consultato il 18 luglio 2016.
^ 2015 Awardees, su American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences, 2015. URL consultato il 1º luglio 2016.
^ Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award (PDF), su American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences, 2015. URL consultato il 1º luglio 2016.

Altri progetti[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

Wikimedia Commons contiene immagini o altri file su Richard Smalley

Collegamenti esterni[modifica | modifica wikitesto]

(EN) Richard E. Smalley, su Enciclopedia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
(EN) Richard Smalley, su nobelprize.org.
(EN) Richard Smalley, su IMDb, IMDb.com.

Controllo di autorità	VIAF (EN) 18362512 · ISNI (EN) 0000 0000 2832 2395 · LCCN (EN) nr93051469 · GND (DE) 131655094 · WorldCat Identities (EN) lccn-nr93051469

Portale Biografie

Portale Chimica

Portale Premi Nobel

[CV-1] RICHARD E. SMALLEY Curriculum Vitae, su Rice University. URL consultato il 18 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 30 ottobre 2021).

[Alumni-2] Ricahrd Smalley, Remarks by Richard Smalley at 2005 Alumni Banquet, su hope.edu, 29 ottobre 2005. URL consultato il 12 maggio 2016.
«"My short two years at Hope starting as a freshman in 1961 were immensely important to me. I went to chapel, studied religion, and attended church more than I had ever done before, and was with people who took to these issues seriously. I valued that greatly back then. Recently I have gone back to church regularly with a new focus to understand as best I can what it is that makes Christianity so vital and powerful in the lives of billions of people today, even though almost 2000 years have passed since the death and resurrection of Christ. "»

[Tuskegee-3] Scholarship Convocation Speaker Challenges Scholars to Serve the Greater Good, su Tuskegee University, 18 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 10 febbraio 2017).

[4] Funeral Service for Professor Richard Smalley - Speakers: James Tour, Hugh Ross and Ben Young, 2005-11-02, mp3 audio

[Franklin-5] Richard E. Smalley, su Franklin Institute. URL consultato il 19 luglio 2016.

[Wasey-6] Adnaan Wasey, Nobelist in chemistry for co-discovering fullerenes, Rice University Homecoming Queen, in SEEDMAGAZINE.COM, 18 luglio 2016. URL consultato il 18 luglio 2016 (archiviato dall'url originale il 12 settembre 2017).

[ChemLandmark-7] Discovery of Fullerenes National Historic Chemical Landmark, su American Chemical Society. URL consultato il 18 luglio 2016.

[Award-8] 2015 Awardees, su American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences, 2015. URL consultato il 1º luglio 2016.

[Breakthrough-9] Citation for Chemical Breakthrough Award (PDF), su American Chemical Society, Division of the History of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign School of Chemical Sciences, 2015. URL consultato il 1º luglio 2016.

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V · D · M Vincitori del Premio Nobel per la chimica
1901 - 1925	Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff (1901) • Emil Fischer (1902) • Svante Arrhenius (1903) • William Ramsay (1904) • Adolf von Baeyer (1905) • Henri Moissan (1906) • Eduard Buchner (1907) • Ernest Rutherford (1908) • Wilhelm Ostwald (1909) • Otto Wallach (1910) • Marie Curie (1911) • Victor Grignard, Paul Sabatier (1912) • Alfred Werner (1913) • Theodore Richards (1914) • Richard Willstätter (1915) • Fritz Haber (1918) • Walther Nernst (1920) • Frederick Soddy (1921) • Francis Aston (1922) • Fritz Pregl (1923) • Richard Zsigmondy (1925)
1926 - 1950	Theodor Svedberg (1926) • Heinrich Wieland (1927) • Adolf Windaus (1928) • Arthur Harden, Hans von Euler-Chelpin (1929) • Hans Fischer (1930) • Carl Bosch, Friedrich Bergius (1931) • Irving Langmuir (1932) • Harold Urey (1934) • Frédéric Joliot-Curie, Irène Joliot-Curie (1935) • Peter Debye (1936) • Walter Haworth, Paul Karrer (1937) • Richard Kuhn (1938) • Adolf Butenandt, Lavoslav Ružička (1939) • George de Hevesy (1943) • Otto Hahn (1944) • Artturi Virtanen (1945) • James B. Sumner, John Northrop, Wendell Meredith Stanley (1946) • Robert Robinson (1947) • Arne Tiselius (1948) • William Giauque (1949) • Otto Diels, Kurt Alder (1950)
1951 - 1975	Edwin McMillan, Glenn T. Seaborg (1951) • Archer Martin, Richard Synge (1952) • Hermann Staudinger (1953) • Linus Pauling (1954) • Vincent du Vigneaud (1955) • Cyril Hinshelwood, Nikolaj Semënov (1956) • Alexander Todd (1957) • Frederick Sanger (1958) • Jaroslav Heyrovský (1959) • Willard Libby (1960) • Melvin Calvin (1961) • Max Perutz, John Kendrew (1962) • Karl Ziegler, Giulio Natta (1963) • Dorothy Hodgkin (1964) • Robert Woodward (1965) • Robert Mulliken (1966) • Manfred Eigen, Ronald Norrish, George Porter (1967) • Lars Onsager (1968) • Derek Barton, Odd Hassel (1969) • Luis Federico Leloir (1970) • Gerhard Herzberg (1971) • Christian Anfinsen, Stanford Moore, William Stein (1972) • E. O. Fischer, Geoffrey Wilkinson (1973) • Paul Flory (1974) • John Cornforth, Vladimir Prelog (1975)
1976 - 2000	William Lipscomb (1976) • Il'ja Prigožin (1977) • Peter Mitchell (1978) • Herbert Brown, Georg Wittig (1979) • Paul Berg, Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger (1980) • Ken'ichi Fukui, Roald Hoffmann (1981) • Aaron Klug (1982) • Henry Taube (1983) • Robert Merrifield (1984) • Herbert A. Hauptman, Jerome Karle (1985) • Dudley Herschbach, Yuan T. Lee, John Polanyi (1986) • Donald J. Cram, Jean-Marie Lehn, Charles J. Pedersen (1987) • Johann Deisenhofer, Robert Huber, Hartmut Michel (1988) • Sidney Altman, Thomas Cech (1989) • Elias Corey (1990) • Richard R. Ernst (1991) • Rudolph Marcus (1992) • Kary Mullis, Michael Smith (1993) • George Olah (1994) • Paul Crutzen, Mario Molina, Frank Rowland (1995) • Robert Curl, Harold Kroto, Richard Smalley (1996) • Paul Boyer, John Ernest Walker, Jens Skou (1997) • Walter Kohn, John Pople (1998) • Ahmed Zewail (1999) • Alan Jay Heeger, Alan MacDiarmid, Hideki Shirakawa (2000)
2001 - oggi	William Knowles, Ryōji Noyori, Barry Sharpless (2001) • John B. Fenn, Kōichi Tanaka, Kurt Wüthrich (2002) • Peter Agre, Roderick MacKinnon (2003) • Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose (2004) • Robert Grubbs, Richard Schrock, Yves Chauvin (2005) • Roger D. Kornberg (2006) • Gerhard Ertl (2007) • Osamu Shimomura, Martin Chalfie, Roger Tsien (2008) • Venkatraman Ramakrishnan, Thomas Steitz, Ada Yonath (2009) • Richard Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, Akira Suzuki (2010) • Dan Shechtman (2011) • Brian Kobilka, Robert Lefkowitz (2012) • Martin Karplus, Michael Levitt, Arieh Warshel (2013) • Eric Betzig, Stefan Hell, William Moerner (2014) • Tomas Lindahl, Paul Modrich, Aziz Sancar (2015) • Jean-Pierre Sauvage, James Fraser Stoddart, Bernard Feringa (2016) • Jacques Dubochet, Joachim Frank, Richard Henderson (2017) • Frances Hamilton Arnold, George Pieczenik Smith, Gregory Paul Winter (2018) • John B. Goodenough, M. Stanley Whittingham, Akira Yoshino (2019) • Emmanuelle Charpentier, Jennifer Doudna (2020) • David MacMillan, Benjamin List (2021) • Carolyn R. Bertozzi, Morten Meldal, Barry Sharpless (2022) • Moungi Bawendi, Aleksej Ekimov, Louis Brus