象属(学名:Elephas)又名亚洲象属,是象科现存的两属之一,亚洲象是其唯一现存物种。[1]
本属还包含若干灭绝物种。本属物种曾遍布欧亚非大陆,但现在仅剩南亚及东南亚有分布。本属也与猛犸象属有密切的亲缘关系。[2]
象属属于长鼻目象科,下列为现存及已灭绝的物种、亚种及亚属:
- 象科 Elephantidae
- 象属 Elephas
- 亚洲象 Elephas maximus
- 印度象 Elephas maximus indicus
- 锡兰象 Elephas maximus maximus
- 苏门答腊象 Elephas maximus sumatranus
- 中国象 Elephas maximus rubridens †
- 叙利亚象 Elephas maximus asurus †
- 婆罗洲象 Elephas maximus borneensis —已发表但还未被正式承认[1][3]
- 拜氏侏儒象 Elephas beyeri †
- 苏拉威西侏儒象 Elephas celebensis †
- 古亞洲象 Elephas hysudricus †
- 爪哇象 Elephas hysudrindicus †
- Elephas iolensis †
- Elephas planifrons †
- Elephas platycephalus †
- 雷基象 Elephas recki †
- Elephas recki atavus †
- Elephas recki brumpti †
- Elephas recki ileretensis †
- Elephas recki illertensis †
- Elephas recki recki †
- Elephas recki shungurensis †
参考文献[编辑]
- ^ 1.0 1.1 Shoshani, Jeheskel. Order Proboscidea (pp. 90-91). Wilson, Don E., and Reeder, DeeAnn M., eds (编). [http://google.com/books?id=JgAMbNSt8ikC&pg=PA90 Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference] 3rd. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2 vols. (2142 pp.). 16 November 2005: 90 [2011年11月1日]. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494. (原始内容存档于2012年1月23日).
- ^ Fleischer, R. C.; Perry, E. A.; Muralidharan, K.; Stevens, E. E.; Wemmer, C. M. (2001). Phylogeography of the Asian Elephant (Elephas maximus) based on mitochondrial DNA (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). Evolution 55(9): 1882–1892
- ^ Fernando, P., Vidya, T.N.C., Payne, J., Stuewe, M., Davison, G., et al. (2003) DNA Analysis Indicates That Asian Elephants Are Native to Borneo and Are Therefore a High Priority for Conservation (页面存档备份,存于互联网档案馆). PLoS Biol 1(1): e6
- Todd, N. E. 2001. African Elephas recki: Time, space and taxonomy, In: Cavarretta, G., P. Gioia, M. Mussi, and M. R. Palombo. The World of Elephants, Proceedings of the 1st International Congress, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. Rome, Italy. Online pdf
- Todd, N. E. 2005. Reanalysis of African Elephas recki: Implications for time, space and taxonomy, Quaternary International 126-128:65-72